[net.religion] Earth Centered Universe

charlie@cca.UUCP (Charlie Kaufman) (07/14/83)

I  find it interesting to watch the "science" contingent make fun of the
"religion" contingent based  on  the  biblical  statement  of  an  earth
centered  universe  when "everyone knows" the earth spins, it orbits the
sun, which orbits the  galaxy...   What's  amusing  is  that  scientific
doctrine  has  changed  and  no one seems to have noticed.  According to
relativity theory, which is not wholly accepted, but is the current most
widely  recognized  model  of  physics,  there  is  no prefered frame of
reference.  This means that  a  stationary  earth  (the  universe  spins
around it) is as valid a model as any other.

In  my mind, the thing which distinguishes science from religion is that
scientists don't claim to know anything "for sure".   Contrary  evidence
is  always  being  sought and new "facts" created.  A "fact" is simply a
theory with a high degree of confidence.  A corollary  is  that  science
cannot "prove" any (religious or otherwise) statement false.  Scientists
might reasonably challenge the methods by which a conclusion is reached,
but not the conclusion itself.

larry@grkermit.UUCP (Larry Kolodney) (07/15/83)

From: charlie@cca.UUCP (Charlie Kaufman)
I  find it interesting to watch the "science" contingent make fun of the
"religion" contingent based  on  the  biblical  statement  of  an  earth
centered  universe  when "everyone knows" the earth spins, it orbits the
sun, which orbits the  galaxy...   What's  amusing  is  that  scientific
doctrine  has  changed  and  no one seems to have noticed.  According to
relativity theory, which is not wholly accepted, but is the current most
widely  recognized  model  of  physics,  there  is  no prefered frame of
reference.  This means that  a  stationary  earth  (the  universe  spins
around it) is as valid a model as any other.


I don't believe this is correct.  What physics says is that any INERTIAL
frame is equally valid.  The earth is not an INERTIAL frame of reference
because you are constantly being accelerated by the earths spin in a direction
relative the the frame of reference.

Can anybody confirm this?
-- 
Larry Kolodney #13 (I try harder)
(USENET)
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(ARPA)  rms.g.lkk@mit-ai

debray@sbcs.UUCP (07/16/83)

From a posting by cca!charlie:

		A "fact" is simply a theory with a high degree
		of confidence.  A corollary  is  that  science
		cannot "prove" any (religious or otherwise)
		statement false.  Scientists might reasonably
		challenge the methods by which a conclusion is
		reached, but not the conclusion itself.

The Scientific method *can* prove statements false, by experiment. Okay, I
really mean "universally quantified statements". If someone makes a
universally quantified statement, and I can demonstrate a counterexample, I
have proved that statement false. For eaxmple, if someone says "All articles
in net.religion are polite", and we both agree on the meanings of "article",
"net.religion" and "polite", it shouldn't take me too long to prove that
statement false.

And surely one can challenge a statement that's internally inconsistent,
i.e. self-contradictory? (Actually, Charlie, "the self-contradictory
statement" is my counterexample that disproves your universally quantified
statement, "No conclusion [read "statement"] can be challenged").


Saumya Debray
SUNY at Stony Brook

tim@unc.UUCP (07/16/83)

    I am not a physicist, but I do believe that the General Theory of
Relativity, Einstein's final great work, extends relativity to
accelerating frames of reference as well.  This means that even
accelerating bodies can be consistently considered as stationary, from
their own point of view.  The General Theory is not as well-accepted
as the Special Theory, which provided relativity only for non-
accelerating frames of reference.  Thus, under the special theory,
Earth can be considered stationary, that is, at the center of the
universe.  Of course, the Copernican model is still easier to
calculate with, for most applications.

______________________________________
The overworked keyboard of Tim Maroney

duke!unc!tim (USENET)
tim.unc@udel-relay (ARPA)
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

joe@cvl.UUCP (Joseph I. Pallas) (07/17/83)

Oh, no you don't!  Relativity does not imply that a stationary earth is
is "as valid a model as any other."  Exactly the opposite: relativity
denies the notion of absolute rest.  Hence, nothing is stationary in
modern physics, including the earth.

mmt@dciem.UUCP (Martin Taylor) (07/17/83)

What could a "stationary earth" mean in relativistic terms? To have a
"stationary earth" means that there must be an absolute frame of reference
with respect to which the earth is stationary. Sure the earth is stationary
with respect to me (when I am pursuing my favourite pastime). The rest
of the universe isn't moving faster than the speed of light with respect
to me, though. It is moving faster than the speed of light with respect
to some mythical Newtonian absolute frame of reference connected to me,
but who cares? The objects in that universe do not change their motions
relative to one another or with respect to potential other observers
just because I happen to take myself as a reference observer for now,
and the earth is stationary in my frame.

tim@unc.UUCP (07/18/83)

            What could a "stationary earth" mean in
        relativistic terms? To have a "stationary earth" means
        that there must be an absolute frame of reference with
        respect to which the earth is stationary.

    All right, so I used slightly misleading terms.  My meaning was
still clear, so let's not pick nits.  What I meant to say was that
there exists a consistent formulation of the laws of physics in which
the earth is considered to be non-rotating.  This is an extension of
relativity that was in the general theory, which applies to
accelerating frames of reference as well.

        Sure the earth is stationary with respect to me (when
        I am pursuing my favourite pastime).  The rest of the
        universe isn't moving faster than the speed of light
        with respect to me, though.

    Very perceptive.  The reason for this is that the special theory
of relativity introduced a new equation for computing relative
velocity.  Consider two rockets hurtling away from an asteroid in
opposite directions.  Each has a speed of three quarters of the speed
of light, as measured by an observer on the asteroid.  However, the
speed of one relative to the other is NOT half again the speed of
light -- it is a (large) fraction of the speed of light.  This is
totally counterintuitive, but that's how it works.  Similarly, no
matter how fast Earth spins, we will never percieve any object as
moving faster than the speed of light relative to our point on the
surface of the planet.

        It is moving faster than the speed of light with
        respect to some mythical Newtonian absolute frame of
        reference connected to me, but who cares?  The objects
        in that universe do not change their motions relative
        to one another or with respect to potential other
        observers just because I happen to take myself as a
        reference observer for now, and the earth is
        stationary in my frame.

    I'm sorry, I'm not clear on what it is you're saying here.

______________________________________
The overworked keyboard of Tim Maroney

duke!unc!tim (USENET)
tim.unc@udel-relay (ARPA)
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

kff@uvacs.UUCP (07/22/83)

     I find it interesting to watch the "science" contingent  make  fun
     of the "religion" contingent based on the biblical statement of an
     earth centered universe when "everyone knows" the earth spins,  it
     orbits the sun, which orbits the galaxy...  What's amusing is that
     scientific doctrine has changed and no one seems to have  noticed.
     According  to relativity theory, which is not wholly accepted, but
     is the current most widely recognized model of physics,  there  is
     no  prefered  frame  of  reference.  This  means that a stationary
     earth (the universe spins around it) is as valid a  model  as  any
     other.

     There is a misunderstanding about special relativity here.  Relativity
states that there is no prefered INERTIAL frame of reference (ie. any frame
not undergoing acceleration).  However, a rotating frame of reference, such
as  the  earth going around the sun, is not an inertial frame, since curved
motion requires acceleration.  Rotation is an absolute quantity.  The earth
revolves  around  the sun, and the center of rotation cannot be arbitrarily
relocated.  To test whether the sun rotates around the earth, or the  earth
about  the  sun,  all  that  is  required  is  to  measure  the centripetal
(centrifugal?) forces induced by the curvature of the earth's path  through
space.  If  the sun revolves around the earth, there will be no centripetal
force on the earth.  In practice this might be difficult  to  measure.

				     Kelton Flinn
				     Not a Physics Major
				     ..!decvax!duke!mcnc!ncsu!uvacs!kff