[net.religion] A historical note about "Life in America"

pete@pegasus.UUCP (10/12/83)

The concept of a "Christian State" has had the force of law in the 
past in the United States. Specifically.

Massachusetts had state supported religion as late as 1844.

It was a legal requirement that all towns support a "church of
Protestant denomination". The pastor of the church was a town employee.
Although the "Protestant denomination" was not specified in the law, it was
always Congregationalist until the 1840's when a few towns near Boston 
disestablished the local Congregationalist church and voted to support
a Unitarian church. It was at this time that the law was repealed by the
legislature to prevent state money from supporting the wrong group.
People were free to attend the church of their choice. They were, however,
taxed to support the town church regardless of their own beliefs. (At
the time, it was held analogous to the situation regarding attendance at
a private school where taxes were still paid to the local school district).

I learned this interesting (and frightening) fact while on a visit to Old
Sturbridge Village (An historical restoration of a village as it would
have existed in rural central Massachussetts in 1830).

Other states (especially those in the midwest) forbade tax support of religion
ever since their founding. Official School Prayer was common in the south
and east, but rare or illegal (by state law, Illinois for example) in
much of the midwest and west at the time of the Supreme Court school
prayer decision.

To those who might wonder about the U.S constitution's first amendment
as it applies to the Massachussetts law. The current legal
interpretations which forces state law to comply with the civil rights
granted by the  federal constitution came into existence only after the
passage of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments in the post  Civil War
period. Many of the court decisions which established this federal
primacy were only made within the past 25 years.