[net.philosophy] Linguistics and their contribution to artificial selection

williams@kirk.DEC (John Williams 223-3402) (06/04/85)

>         In the "Order of Things" he says that  our  concept  of
> "man"  was born in the "scientific revolution" and is right now
> changing as we leave that epistime and move into a new one.  He
> proposes  that  the  whole  way  we order the world has changed
> dramatically in the past and is  in  the  process  of  changing
> again.   He  says that all human sciences are becoming a single
> science, linguistics.

     I have to disagree with this statement.  Linguistics may  be
a  science  of  sorts, Science in the nature of trying to take an
objective perspective, but not science in  manner  in  which  the
information is acquired.  I think linguistics inherently involves
the analyst's personal experiences, and as so, the  influence  of
the  position  of  professional linguists relative to the general
populace is anything but insignificant.  It is highly likely that
individual  isolated  efforts  at understanding linguistics could
draw far different conclusions with the same degree of success.

     Even so, it presents a powerful instrument,  for  the  study
and  clarification  of language strongly influences the evolution
of that language.  For the most part, language is  representative
of  our  daily affairs, which until now was not as nearly so self
referential.

     There  are  a  million  ways  to   analyze   anything,   and
linguistics  is  a way of understanding the structure of language
in the constructs of symbolic connection.  This, of course,  does
not  take  into  account what might actually be said.  One of the
basic purposes of linguistics is to  make  very  strong  symbolic
connections,  which  can  often  be perceived as wild claims, for
example, linguistics is the true science.

     This is similar to what alot of people are prone to do  when
they   are   enlightened  upon  some  particular  perspective  of
existence, that is, to demonstrate how all  things  relate  to  a
particular field of study, when, in reality, it is simply another
specialty.

     The question is  this:   How  well  can  linguists  separate
themselves   from   their  egos  in  order  to  not  assert  rash
assumptions of their own value to society?  The truth is is  that
we  need  all  aspects of society to set the environment in which
linguistics  work.   In  other  words,  linguistics  is  not  THE
science, linguistics is simply ANOTHER science.

>         Another thread that seems relevant is "mental illness."
> According  to  Foucault  (and others, notably Thomas Szaz), the
> idea that "minds" are somehow like bodies and that they can get
> "sick" and be "cured" by doctors is a recent concept.  It is an
> idea that does not seem to work at all.  Today many  people  do
> not   believe  that  it  is  possible  to  isolate  "individual
> pathologies" and realize that what behavior constitutes "normal
> behavior"  and  what  behavior  is  "abnormal behavior" must be
> determined in the larger social context.  Just this might  give
> a before/after description.

>         before - mind is mostly individual

>         after - mind is mostly social

     This transformation is consistent with evolution.  It is not
simply an observation of something that has been all along, it is
the emergence  of  a  characteristic  through  social  evolution.
Mankind  has  never  achieved  this level of communication before
throughout his history of development.

     It is extremely important to note,  however,  that  this  is
only  because  we have established a social environment, where it
is beneficial to share ideas, and to establish a  free  trade  of
information.   It is natural that initially these messages are of
a  highly  commercial  nature,  but  this  is  only   continually
successful in an ignorant society.

     A linguist must be doubly careful.  First, that he does  not
enforce  terms  that  are unsuitable for popular use, and second,
that he doesn't enforce the language as  it  is  without  leaving
room  for  evolution.  He must be a guide, understanding where it
is  that  society  wishes  to  go,  which  defies  any  sort   of
methodology, which defies science as we know it.  A good linguist
acts more as a catalyst.

     Would you agree with this?

>         One of the things I found most  enlightening  was  when
> Randi  asked  him  if it was easier to fool adults or children.
> He said that adults were  much  easier  to  fool  because  they
> *want* to believe in psysic powers.

>         I believe this guy's story is a  metaphor  for  Geller.
> Geller  will  not  do  his  tricks  for  either Randi or Johnny
> Carson.  (Johnny Carson is also an excellent magician).

     I believe this.  Many people fall  victim  to  believing  in
things  that appear to transcend all explanations, and very often
find rooting in that person's everyday existence.  To let  go  of
certain  ideals is often too difficult for a responsible adult to
undertake, where children must change their beliefs almost daily.

     It is very rare to find a  person  who  immediately  changes
their  beliefs  when  they conflict with observation.  More often
than not, they will pretend something never even  happened.   The
mind   is  incapable  of  functioning  in  a  constant  state  of
metastability, and conclusions need to be drawn.   Unfortunately,
most of them turn out to be wrong.

     A classic case is with the pythagorians who  hid  the  fifth
regular  polyhedron  from the populace because it conflicted with
their theory concerning the four elements.

     I would personally like to hear more concerning linguistics,
like:

Observation -> Research -> Linguistics -> Mutation -> Observation

     I feel that the identification of linguistics  is  important
to  the  development  of  society  and  civilization.   It  is  a
transposition of natural laws into artificial ones ( see  opening
paragraph  where  I  explain how linguistics is not a " perfect "
science ) that can easily replace other forms of code enforcement
in  a  humane  way.   In particular, the applications in computer
science are of great value, if we intend to  make  machines  more
like  people,  and  not  make  people  more  like  machines.  The
strength of symbolic connection  in  computers  has  always  been
invariable, and the result is confusion.

     It is far too easy for science to  evolve  unnaturally,  and
that  is  a dangerous proposition.  This goes for linguistics, as
well.

                          John Williams

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