[net.philosophy] Free will: there ain't no Sanity Clause

laura@l5.uucp (Laura Creighton) (01/01/70)

Rich, if I follow your argument, I seem to get this.

1.	All actions are caused.
2.	The actions of your interior mental states cause some of your actions.
3.	Past interior mental states cause present interiro mental states.
4.	<Itterate a bit>
5.	Those interior mental states are caused by your physical structure as
	determined by heredity.

Therefore: all things are determined. the thesis of free will is invalid.

You postulate that all those who believe in free will believe that some outside
agent (their soul) is responsible for some of the actions in 3 or 4 or 5. 
Therfore you think that all those who believe in free will also believe in
souls.

This is not the only objection that has been made to the thesis of strict
determinism. A good many people do not buy postulate 1 -- they think that some
actions are definitely caused, but others are either uncaused or self-causing.
For these people, a non-belief in determinism does not imply a belief in souls.



-- 
Laura Creighton		(note new address!)
sun!l5!laura		(that is ell-five, not fifteen)
l5!laura@lll-crg.arpa

carnes@gargoyle.UUCP (Richard Carnes) (08/23/85)

In article <1562@pyuxd.UUCP> rlr@pyuxd.UUCP (Rich Rosen) writes:

>I'm passingly familiar with some of Dennett's other work.  The point is
>that in the long run he makes the same fallacy that people in this
>newsgroup insist upon making:  the Humpty Dumpty position that says "I
>can take this word and redefine it to mean this and no one will be any
>the wiser".  You can't get away with that in this life.

There seems to be a consensus in net.philosophy that "free will" in
the sense preferred by RR is incompatible with determinism of any
kind, and also that some form of determinism holds true for the real
world (perhaps one or two people would take exception to either of
these statements).  The disagreement that several people have with
Rich is over his claim that there is only one "real" meaning (or
definition -- not exactly the same thing) of the term "free will",
just as there is only one true meaning of "Santa Claus" (assuming
that this is indeed the case), and that some people are
illegitimately redefining the term in order to give free will a place
in the real world, just as one might redefine "Santa Claus" if one
wished him really to exist (although I don't see how it would fulfill
any wishes -- presumably what we are wishing for is the jolly old elf
himself and his sleigh-full of toys).

Now I'm sure that Rich has already set forth his reasons for his
position, but I don't understand what they are; so I would like to
invite Rich to state, as clearly and concisely as he can, his reasons
for believing that, in the context of the free will/determinism
debates, the term "free will" and the terms which are usually treated
as synonymous in philosophical discussion ("freedom of the will",
"freedom", "liberty") have, and have always had, only one valid,
univocal definition, namely the one that Rich advocates, and that
usages of these terms which depart from this meaning are illegitimate
Humpty-Dumptyisms.

This is not a "mere" dispute over words; it is not a trivial
question.  Anglo-American philosophers have spent much of the last
century trying to understand the relation between language and
reality.  

Ancient riddle:  Why can't Santa Claus and Mae West be together in
the same phone booth?  Obviously because Santa Claus doesn't exist.

My conclusion:  If this sentence is true, then Santa Claus exists.
Furthermore, *this* sentence is false and Santa Claus does not exist.
Therefore Santa Claus exists.

Richard Carnes, ihnp4!gargoyle!carnes

rlr@pyuxd.UUCP (Rich Rosen) (09/09/85)

> There seems to be a consensus in net.philosophy that "free will" in
> the sense preferred by RR is incompatible with determinism of any
> kind, and also that some form of determinism holds true for the real
> world (perhaps one or two people would take exception to either of
> these statements). [CARNES]

Unfortunately, it is precisely because that definition is incompatible with
the form of determinism seemingly present in this world, AND precisely
because that IS the definition of free will (and its implications) that leads
us (at least me) to the conclusion that this phenomenon called free will does
not exist.  Those that it doesn't lead to that conclusion have unilaterally
altered the definition so that it does exist, which by the rules of language,
it just plain playing dirty.

> The disagreement that several people have with
> Rich is over his claim that there is only one "real" meaning (or
> definition -- not exactly the same thing) of the term "free will",
> just as there is only one true meaning of "Santa Claus" (assuming
> that this is indeed the case), and that some people are
> illegitimately redefining the term in order to give free will a place
> in the real world, just as one might redefine "Santa Claus" if one
> wished him really to exist (although I don't see how it would fulfill
> any wishes -- presumably what we are wishing for is the jolly old elf
> himself and his sleigh-full of toys).

PRE-cisely.  I'm waiting with bated breath to see how you're going to say
that this NOT what's going on here.

> Now I'm sure that Rich has already set forth his reasons for his
> position, but I don't understand what they are; so I would like to
> invite Rich to state, as clearly and concisely as he can, his reasons
> for believing that, in the context of the free will/determinism
> debates, the term "free will" and the terms which are usually treated
> as synonymous in philosophical discussion ("freedom of the will",
> "freedom", "liberty") have, and have always had, only one valid,
> univocal definition, namely the one that Rich advocates, and that
> usages of these terms which depart from this meaning are illegitimate
> Humpty-Dumptyisms.

They have "only" had one very general (yet very specific) definition:
the ability of human beings (or possibly some other sentient organisms)
to make decisions "freely", independently, without the constraints of
either the impositions of the external environment upon them.  The implications
of that are that that list of constraints includes those constraints found
within the brain (those of course being the result of accumulated experiences
we acquire interpreted and collated based on previous accumulated experiences
we acquire interpreted and collated based on ...).  The
consequences of such freedom of the will or whatever you wish to call it
are that (in the deterministic or even the quantum model) in order for the
actions to be free, the agent of choice MUST be outside the realm of
physical cause and effect (i.e., a soul).  Many people seem to want to beat
around this bush, but it remains a consequence of the notion.  Either you
believe in a soul, or you don't believe in free will.

> This is not a "mere" dispute over words; it is not a trivial
> question.  Anglo-American philosophers have spent much of the last
> century trying to understand the relation between language and
> reality.  

Words are simply pointers to objects and/or notions.  The words "free will"
represent a particular notion as described above.  It is abominable to
the notion of language and communication to simply arbitrarily switch around
word definitions, simply to orange water gibbon bucket of plaster and ashtray's
your uncle.

> Ancient riddle:  Why can't Santa Claus and Mae West be together in
> the same phone booth?  Obviously because Santa Claus doesn't exist.

Why can't a human being make decisions based on free will?  Another riddle.

> My conclusion:  If this sentence is true, then Santa Claus exists.
> Furthermore, *this* sentence is false and Santa Claus does not exist.
> Therefore Santa Claus exists.

We've been through this.  One problem your cute Hofstadterisms have in relation
to the real world is that the "truth" or "falseness" of a group of sounds
strung together do not magically make things exist or not.
-- 
"I was walking down the street.  A man came up to me and asked me what was the
 capital of Bolivia.  I hesitated.  Three sailors jumped me.  The next thing I
 knew I was making chicken salad."
"I don't believe that for a minute.  Everyone knows the capital of Bolivia is
 La Paz."				Rich Rosen    pyuxd!rlr

baba@spar.UUCP (Baba ROM DOS) (09/10/85)

>They have "only" had one very general (yet very specific) definition:
>the ability of human beings (or possibly some other sentient organisms)
>to make decisions "freely", independently, without the constraints of
>either the impositions of the external environment upon them. The implications
>of that are that that list of constraints includes those constraints found
>within the brain (those of course being the result of accumulated experiences
>we acquire interpreted and collated based on previous accumulated experiences
>we acquire interpreted and collated based on ...).
>
>          				Rich Rosen    pyuxd!rlr

It would appear that Rich views the constraints "found within the brain"
as "impositions of the external environment".  If the brain is external,
what on No-One's material Earth is *internal*?

						Baba

rlr@pyuxd.UUCP (Rich Rosen) (09/11/85)

>>They have "only" had one very general (yet very specific) definition:
>>the ability of human beings (or possibly some other sentient organisms)
>>to make decisions "freely", independently, without the constraints of
>>either the impositions of the external environment upon them. The implications
>>of that are that that list of constraints includes those constraints found
>>within the brain (those of course being the result of accumulated experiences
>>we acquire interpreted and collated based on previous accumulated experiences
>>we acquire interpreted and collated based on ...).    [ROSEN]

> It would appear that Rich views the constraints "found within the brain"
> as "impositions of the external environment".  If the brain is external,
> what on No-One's material Earth is *internal*? [BABA]

Of course the brain is "internal", but the way it got to be the way that it is,
with its current internal configuration, is due to the external influences that
we all experience in our lives.  The reason these should be viewed as
constraints (despite the wishes of some to dismiss them just so that we can
"get" free will) is described in the last sentence of mine quoted above
(especially the parenthetical part).
-- 
Anything's possible, but only a few things actually happen.
					Rich Rosen    pyuxd!rlr

rlr@pyuxd.UUCP (Rich Rosen) (09/14/85)

> Rich, if I follow your argument, I seem to get this.
> 1.	All actions are caused.
> 2.	The actions of your interior mental states cause some of your actions.
> 3.	Past interior mental states cause present interiro mental states.
> 4.	<Itterate a bit>
> 5.	Those interior mental states are caused by your physical structure as
> 	determined by heredity.
> Therefore: all things are determined. the thesis of free will is invalid.

Pretty much.

> You postulate that all those who believe in free will believe that some
> outside agent (their soul) is responsible for some of the actions in 3 or 4
> or 5.  Therfore you think that all those who believe in free will also
> believe in souls.

All those who believe in free will must of necessity and implication believe
in souls.  There is of course nothing to stop a person from holding two
contradictory beliefs.  It's just a sign that they haven't thought things
through.

> This is not the only objection that has been made to the thesis of strict
> determinism. A good many people do not buy postulate 1 -- they think that some
> actions are definitely caused, but others are either uncaused or self-causing.
> For [them], a non-belief in determinism does not imply a belief in souls.

Do they believe this (obviously an assertion without evidence behind it)
for a solid logical reason, or because choosing that precept allows them to
reach a conclusion they want, e.g., god or free will?
-- 
"There!  I've run rings 'round you logically!"
"Oh, intercourse the penguin!"			Rich Rosen    ihnp4!pyuxd!rlr

torek@umich.UUCP (Paul V. Torek ) (09/20/85)

Richard Carnes would like to
>> invite Rich to state, as clearly and concisely as he can, his reasons
>> for believing that, in the context of the free will/determinism
>> debates, the term "free will" and the terms which are usually treated
>> as synonymous in philosophical discussion ("freedom of the will",
>> "freedom", "liberty") have, and have always had, only one valid,
>> univocal definition, namely the one that Rich advocates, and that
>> usages of these terms which depart from this meaning are illegitimate
>> Humpty-Dumptyisms.

Rich Rosen (rlr@pyuxd.UUCP) replies:
>They have "only" had one very general (yet very specific) definition:
>the ability of human beings (or possibly some other sentient organisms)
>to make decisions "freely", independently, without the constraints of
>either the impositions of the external environment upon them.  The implica-
>tions of that are that that list of constraints includes those constraints 
>found within the brain (those of course being the result of accumulated 
>experiences we acquire [...]

I think Carnes is asking for *evidence* that this is the "one and only"
definition.  That, it seems, could only be given -- supposing (just for
the sake of argument) that you're right -- by listing all the definitions
in two or three dictionaries (say, Oxford English, Webster's, and a
well-known Dictonary of Philosophy).  This might take up about fifty
lines of netnews text.  You could then proceed to show how each of the
definitions implies what you say after the colon in your first sentence
above.

That seems like a reasonable request; if you're really right, that would
show it.  I'd then concede that I should coin a new phrase for my concept.

--Paul V Torek					torek@umich