[net.philosophy] Science: from specialization to incompetence

ellis@spar.UUCP (Michael Ellis) (10/09/85)

>>     There are many interpretations of just what QM represents.  However, if
>>     QM is philosophically unsatisfactory if it describes what we will
>>     see when we look, rather than "what is there when we don't",is it not a
>>     virtue that sentences expressing unobservable states are incapable of
>>     formulation? Must science be bothered with the potential metaphysical
>>     truth of questions like "Did George Washington sneeze on August 13,
>>     1773?". Would not Occam have approved of a theory that insists that
>>     "States which are not accessible do not exist"?
>
>This is a very different kettle of fish from assuming the existence of
>particular states and assuming their particular effects so as to "get" you
>to your conclusion.  Yes, Occam would be spinning if you suggested that
>that falls in line with the Razor.  

    Sorry. In science, all unobservables are idle metaphysics.
    
>Furthermore, when you ask about whether you or George Washington or Genghis
>Khan sneezed on a certain date, you are suggesting the possibility of an
>extremely probable known quantity: human beings do sneeze.  

    Scientifically, however, nothing exists without evidence. 

>To assert that that is roughly equivalent to saying
>that speculations about phenomena that you have no basis for drafting a
>model of (solely because you have a particular conclusion in mind and build
>your axioms and models from there) doesn't sound very reasonable to me.
>It sounds mighty presumptive, which is why Occam would have discarded it.

    How about that. Unfortunately, that's all that any scientific methodology
    can do! How do you suppose modern science got started?

    Originally, science's `entities' were abstracted from certain physical
    objects and phenomena that more-or-less instinctively arose in people
    everywhere.
    
    Things like billiard balls and collisions for example, were the
    presumptions of Newtonian mechanics. Science developed as far as it
    could go with such presupposed models without gaining any understanding
    about `mind'. Is it any wonder?
    
    Today we see a proliferation of methodologies, all in terms of what was
    known before, and many producing conflicting theories about "What Is".
    The newer methods sometimes incorporate subjective notions {perception,
    cognition, intentionality}. Scientific pluralism is hardly a `bad'
    thing, of course, unless one wishes that there be one single truth, one
    firm answer to every question. 

    Now, what are we to assume when a scientist insists that X does not exist?

    (1) X is a useless concept within that scientist's discipline?
    (2) X really and truly DOES NOT EXIST?

    Certain behaviorist scientists have attained such levels of incompetence
    that they are unable to avoid misunderstandings due to (2) above.

    It is one thing to make a daring assumption (the nonexistence of `mind'
    or `free will') as a methodological constraint. It is quite another
    to forget ever having made the assumption in the first place. 
    
    I recently encountered the height of unscientific arrogance in the
    quotes below from B.F. Skinner:

        It may seem inconsistent to ask the reader to "keep a point in
	mind" when he has been told that the mind is an explanatory
	fiction, or to "consider the idea of freedom" if an idea is
	simply an explanatory fiction...

        Decisions about the uses of science seem to demand a kind of wisdom
	which, for some curious reason, scientists are denied. If they are
	to make value judgements at all, it is only with the wisdom they
	share with people in general. It would be a mistake for the
	behavioral scientist to agree... 
	
	Who is to decide what is good for man? How will a more effective
	technology be used? By whom and for what end? These are really
	questions about reinforcers.

    `Mind' does not exist. Value judgements are REALLY questions
    about reinforcers. It's the world, not the specialists, who are 
    mistaken. The specialists will set everything right! 

	Speaking paradoxically, we may say that incompetence, having been
	standardized, has now become an essential part of of professional
	excellence. We no longer have incompetent professionals, we have
	professionalized incompetence - Paul Feyerabend

-michael

usenet@ucbvax.ARPA (USENET News Administration) (10/10/85)

In article <583@spar.UUCP> ellis@spar.UUCP (Michael Ellis) writes:
>    I recently encountered the height of unscientific arrogance in the
>    quotes below from B.F. Skinner:  [ etc. ]

I hope it is not overlooked that the work of twisted minds
such as Skinner's is not idle speculation confined safely to 
the laboratory, but rather a grand experiment in which we
are all the subjects (victims). Naive parents read that
so-called experts advocate certain practices and
inflict same on their poor children ... (do we really
want someone who claims we don't exist running our lives?)

(I should qualify the above by saying that I have been biased
against Skinner for many years.) 

mangoe@umcp-cs.UUCP (Charley Wingate) (10/12/85)

In article <583@spar.UUCP> ellis@spar.UUCP (Michael Ellis) writes:

>>Furthermore, when you ask about whether you or George Washington or Genghis
>>Khan sneezed on a certain date, you are suggesting the possibility of an
>>extremely probable known quantity: human beings do sneeze.  

>    Scientifically, however, nothing exists without evidence. 

Taking this statement as it stands leads to a lot of silly statements.  If
"nothing exists without evidence", then the fact that there is no evidence
for GW sneezing on a particular date leads us inexorably to the conclusion
that he did NOT sneeze on that date.  THis of course is equally unjustified.
There is also the strong suggestion that the sun did not start to fuse
hydrogen  until Einstein invented G. Relativity.  So it's more correct to
say:

    Scientifically, no claim can be made without evidence.


However, I generally agree with the following passage:

>   Today we see a proliferation of methodologies, all in terms of what was
>   known before, and many producing conflicting theories about "What Is".
>   The newer methods sometimes incorporate subjective notions {perception,
>   cognition, intentionality}. Scientific pluralism is hardly a `bad'
>   thing, of course, unless one wishes that there be one single truth, one
>   firm answer to every question. 

>   Now, what are we to assume when a scientist insists that X does not exist?
>
>   (1) X is a useless concept within that scientist's discipline?
>   (2) X really and truly DOES NOT EXIST?
>
>   Certain behaviorist scientists have attained such levels of incompetence
>   that they are unable to avoid misunderstandings due to (2) above.
>
>   It is one thing to make a daring assumption (the nonexistence of `mind'
>   or `free will') as a methodological constraint. It is quite another
>   to forget ever having made the assumption in the first place. 
>   
>   I recently encountered the height of unscientific arrogance in the
>   quotes below from B.F. Skinner:
>
>       It may seem inconsistent to ask the reader to "keep a point in
>	mind" when he has been told that the mind is an explanatory
>	fiction, or to "consider the idea of freedom" if an idea is
>	simply an explanatory fiction...
>
>       Decisions about the uses of science seem to demand a kind of wisdom
>	which, for some curious reason, scientists are denied. If they are
>	to make value judgements at all, it is only with the wisdom they
>	share with people in general. It would be a mistake for the
>	behavioral scientist to agree... 
>	
>	Who is to decide what is good for man? How will a more effective
>	technology be used? By whom and for what end? These are really
>	questions about reinforcers.
>
>   `Mind' does not exist. Value judgements are REALLY questions
>   about reinforcers. It's the world, not the specialists, who are 
>   mistaken. The specialists will set everything right! 

Charley Wingate   umcp-cs!mangoe

"I say this because I want to be prime minister of Canada someday." - M. Fox

rlr@pyuxd.UUCP (Rich Rosen) (10/12/85)

>>    I recently encountered the height of unscientific arrogance in the
>>    quotes below from B.F. Skinner:  [ etc. ]   [ELLIS]

> I hope it is not overlooked that the work of twisted minds
> such as Skinner's is not idle speculation confined safely to 
> the laboratory, but rather a grand experiment in which we
> are all the subjects (victims). Naive parents read that
> so-called experts advocate certain practices and
> inflict same on their poor children ... (do we really
> want someone who claims we don't exist running our lives?)
> 
> (I should qualify the above by saying that I have been biased
> against Skinner for many years.)  [ucbvax!usenet ????]

I hadn't noticed.  With such a magnificent summarizing statement, it is
obvious that you are a "scientist" and not one of those dreadful "Rosenists"
(as described in the headings of 110% of the articles in this newsgroup) who
"attack" all the things we happen to believe because of such biases.  (Quotes
most necessary.)
-- 
Meanwhile, the Germans were engaging in their heavy cream experiments in
Finland, where the results kept coming out like Swiss cheese...
				Rich Rosen 	ihnp4!pyuxd!rlr	

rlr@pyuxd.UUCP (Rich Rosen) (10/12/85)

>>To assert that that is roughly equivalent to saying
>>that speculations about phenomena that you have no basis for drafting a
>>model of (solely because you have a particular conclusion in mind and build
>>your axioms and models from there) doesn't sound very reasonable to me.
>>It sounds mighty presumptive, which is why Occam would have discarded it.

>     How about that. Unfortunately, that's all that any scientific methodology
>     can do! How do you suppose modern science got started?

Certainly not by describing phenomena its proponents wanted to see and working
backwards.

>     Originally, science's `entities' were abstracted from certain physical
>     objects and phenomena that more-or-less instinctively arose in people
>     everywhere.
    
As YOU claim your beliefs instinctively arise in you?

>     Now, what are we to assume when a scientist insists that X does not exist?
> 
>     (1) X is a useless concept within that scientist's discipline?
>     (2) X really and truly DOES NOT EXIST?

The "wishful thinking" ideal would have it that anything believed (of course)
falls into the first category.

>     It is one thing to make a daring assumption (the nonexistence of `mind'
>     or `free will') as a methodological constraint. It is quite another
>     to forget ever having made the assumption in the first place. 
    
Oh, dear.  Anyone who disagrees with Michael's holy position which is
totally unfounded (why, was there evidence for free will out there?) is making
a daring assumption!

>     Certain behaviorist scientists have attained such levels of incompetence
>     that they are unable to avoid misunderstandings due to (2) above.
>     I recently encountered the height of unscientific arrogance in the
>     quotes below from B.F. Skinner:

It strikes me as VERY odd that when *I* find a flaw in the presumptions of
Michael's choice philosophers, such a position is belittled for not respecting
the history of philosophy.  While it is OK for Michael to claim that someone
who disagrees with him is engaging in "unscientific arrogance".   Hmmm...

>         It may seem inconsistent to ask the reader to "keep a point in
> 	mind" when he has been told that the mind is an explanatory
> 	fiction, or to "consider the idea of freedom" if an idea is
> 	simply an explanatory fiction...
> 
>         Decisions about the uses of science seem to demand a kind of wisdom
> 	which, for some curious reason, scientists are denied. If they are
> 	to make value judgements at all, it is only with the wisdom they
> 	share with people in general. It would be a mistake for the
> 	behavioral scientist to agree... 
> 	
> 	Who is to decide what is good for man? How will a more effective
> 	technology be used? By whom and for what end? These are really
> 	questions about reinforcers.
> 
>     `Mind' does not exist. Value judgements are REALLY questions
>     about reinforcers. It's the world, not the specialists, who are 
>     mistaken. The specialists will set everything right! 

I'm sure you won't let that happen, making sure that the heinous scientists
never get the freedom Skinner speaks of.

> 	Speaking paradoxically, we may say that incompetence, having been
> 	standardized, has now become an essential part of of professional
> 	excellence. We no longer have incompetent professionals, we have
> 	professionalized incompetence - Paul Feyerabend

Ye gads!  The presumptive unscientific unfounded arrogance of this
so-called "philosopher"!!!!  (I assume that, since Michael uses this
"style" that this is "OK" in this case, too.)
-- 
"There!  I've run rings 'round you logically!"
"Oh, intercourse the penguin!"			Rich Rosen    ihnp4!pyuxd!rlr

rlr@pyuxd.UUCP (Rich Rosen) (10/20/85)

>>To assert that that is roughly equivalent to saying
>>that speculations about phenomena that you have no basis for drafting a
>>model of (solely because you have a particular conclusion in mind and build
>>your axioms and models from there) doesn't sound very reasonable to me.
>>It sounds mighty presumptive, which is why Occam would have discarded it.

>     How about that. Unfortunately, that's all that any scientific methodology
>     can do! How do you suppose modern science got started?

Certainly not by describing phenomena its proponents wanted to see and working
backwards.

>     Originally, science's `entities' were abstracted from certain physical
>     objects and phenomena that more-or-less instinctively arose in people
>     everywhere.
    
As YOU claim your beliefs instinctively arise in you?

>     Now, what are we to assume when a scientist insists that X does not exist?
> 
>     (1) X is a useless concept within that scientist's discipline?
>     (2) X really and truly DOES NOT EXIST?

The "wishful thinking" ideal would have it that anything believed (of course)
falls into the first category.

>     It is one thing to make a daring assumption (the nonexistence of `mind'
>     or `free will') as a methodological constraint. It is quite another
>     to forget ever having made the assumption in the first place. 
    
Oh, dear.  Anyone who disagrees with Michael's holy position which is
totally unfounded (why, was there evidence for free will out there?) is making
a daring assumption!

>     Certain behaviorist scientists have attained such levels of incompetence
>     that they are unable to avoid misunderstandings due to (2) above.
>     I recently encountered the height of unscientific arrogance in the
>     quotes below from B.F. Skinner:

It strikes me as VERY odd that when *I* find a flaw in the presumptions of
Michael's choice philosophers, such a position is belittled for not respecting
the history of philosophy.  While it is OK for Michael to claim that someone
who disagrees with him is engaging in "unscientific arrogance".   Hmmm...

>         It may seem inconsistent to ask the reader to "keep a point in
> 	mind" when he has been told that the mind is an explanatory
> 	fiction, or to "consider the idea of freedom" if an idea is
> 	simply an explanatory fiction...
> 
>         Decisions about the uses of science seem to demand a kind of wisdom
> 	which, for some curious reason, scientists are denied. If they are
> 	to make value judgements at all, it is only with the wisdom they
> 	share with people in general. It would be a mistake for the
> 	behavioral scientist to agree... 
> 	
> 	Who is to decide what is good for man? How will a more effective
> 	technology be used? By whom and for what end? These are really
> 	questions about reinforcers.
> 
>     `Mind' does not exist. Value judgements are REALLY questions
>     about reinforcers. It's the world, not the specialists, who are 
>     mistaken. The specialists will set everything right! 

I'm sure you won't let that happen, making sure that the heinous scientists
never get the freedom Skinner speaks of.

> 	Speaking paradoxically, we may say that incompetence, having been
> 	standardized, has now become an essential part of of professional
> 	excellence. We no longer have incompetent professionals, we have
> 	professionalized incompetence - Paul Feyerabend

Ye gads!  The presumptive unscientific unfounded arrogance of this
so-called "philosopher"!!!!  (I assume that, since Michael uses this
"style" that this is "OK" in this case, too.)
-- 
Popular consensus says that reality is based on popular consensus.
						Rich Rosen   pyuxd!rlr

rlr@pyuxd.UUCP (Rich Rosen) (10/20/85)

>>    I recently encountered the height of unscientific arrogance in the
>>    quotes below from B.F. Skinner:  [ etc. ]   [ELLIS]

> I hope it is not overlooked that the work of twisted minds
> such as Skinner's is not idle speculation confined safely to 
> the laboratory, but rather a grand experiment in which we
> are all the subjects (victims). Naive parents read that
> so-called experts advocate certain practices and
> inflict same on their poor children ... (do we really
> want someone who claims we don't exist running our lives?)
> 
> (I should qualify the above by saying that I have been biased
> against Skinner for many years.)  [ucbvax!usenet ????]

I hadn't noticed.  With such a magnificent summarizing statement, it is
obvious that you are a "scientist" and not one of those dreadful "Rosenists"
(as described in the headings of 110% of the articles in this newsgroup) who
"attack" all the things we happen to believe because of such biases.  (Quotes
most necessary.)
-- 
"There!  I've run rings 'round you logically!"
"Oh, intercourse the penguin!"			Rich Rosen    ihnp4!pyuxd!rlr