[net.women] Some more thoughts on Affirmative Action

welsch@houxj.UUCP (09/11/83)

Back when net.women was just starting to form Laura Crieghton
and I debated amongst other topics whether or not affirmative
action was reverse discrimination or even a wise action. We got
off onto many other topics and finally lost interest in the
subject. I now notice that affirmative action is again gaining
interest and my thoughts on the subject have matured. In the
spirit of debate: I am going to propose the following three
hypothesis and then provide supporting arguments.

	1. Affirmative action when used properly is not reverse
	   discrimination and is desirable.

	2. In many cases affirmative action is improperly
	   applied and may do more harm than good.

	3. The reason why affirmative action is improperly
	   applied is that people are more interested in
	   complying with the letter of the law as opposed to
	   the spirit.

Affirmative action when used properly has three parts.  

	a. To ensure that "equal opportunity" is adhered to in
	   the hiring/firing/promoting of employees.

	b. To ensure that the work place is a pleasant environment
	   for all employees.

	c. To ensure that all employees understand what is
	   expected of them to succeed.

Minority employees often are at a disadvantage in all three
areas ie. Equal opportunity is not always the rule, pleasant
environments do not always exist, and not all employees
understand what is expected to succeed.  For a employer to take
affirmative action to ensure that these conditions exist is only
fair and just.  I am just as upset when an "old boy" network
causes me to be discriminated against unfairly as a minority
person is. Affirmative action properly applied is ensuring these
conditions for everyone "white/yellow/green/purple/male/female"
etc.  

Next, I'll discuss why I believe affirmative action is being
improperly applied. Have you ever seen an add that reads like a
person's resume? This I find most upsetting. Most typical is the
case of OKV University wants to hire graduate student B for a
full time position. OKV University due to its affirmative action
program, which the university must adhere to due to its large
government grants, the university places an add in a trade
magazine.  The add reads like this: 

	Position open for VLSI research in AI,
	applicant must have two years programming
	experience on lisp machine, taken Carver
	Mead course in 1978, three years experience
	programming Cobol on a 7090, and be familliar
	with OKV DECsystem-20. OKV is a an
	affirmative action employer.

I read that last sentence and say sure baby and tell me another
good story.  Sometimes graduate student B is a minority and the
school still does not understand why they place the add.  After
all by hiring minority B they meet their "quota."  I claim that
adds such as this do more harm than good and OKV should be
penalized for false advertising.  

Next I'll turn to the "pleasant environment" issue.  What
happens with this issue is that companies see the issue of one
of "sensitizing" the "white male" to the "problems of the
minority."  This sensitizing process can take many forms:  Some
sessions take the form of religious events with a preacher
(usually a white male manager) spewing forth the gospel (how bad
white males are) and confessors (white males who see the light
and jump up confessing their sins.)  I still remember one
manager who proclaimed that it was not okay to discriminate
against people in DVN because they were the top people, but when
shopping at el cheapo discount store it was just fine cause
people there just didn't count.  The poor guy just didn't
understand.  

Management must learn that they cannot create a pleasant
environment by beating on employees. Employees only leave sore
and the next time someone touches that soreness they are liable
to react worse than before the sensitizing. The next thing is
that a pleasant environment is everyone's responsibility.
Strangely I hear the most racist remarks and see most racist
actions coming from other minorities about minorities. (The NYT
recently reported the formation of an Oriental group to combat
racism from the black and Spanish minorities) Sensitizing as I
have seen it applied is scape goating. Creating a better work
environment for everyone is what we should be interested in.

I see the reason for sensitizing is that it is the easist
solution for management to take without doing anything.  First,
believe it or not most of the work environment is controlled by
management and management can set a certain tone.  Perhaps the
worst case of poor work environment I can think of is with coal
miners.  It is very easy to blame the "workers," for sexual
harassment, yet they were just reacting to the environment
of harassment set up by the management of the company.  In the
particular case I thinking of reported in 60 minutes it was the
supervisors who were the worst harassers.  Surprisingly, at DVN
it is common to "roast" people at lunch.  Managers play a
major role in the roast and frequently tell dirty jokes putting
women down or implying that a new woman supervisor got her job
in a less than honorable fashion or to call male management
impotent.  They do not realize they were creating a work
environment that invites sexual harassment.  

The final thing that companies handle wrong with respect to
affirmative action is helping employees to succeed. This is
where we have the "restricted" groups to "help women become
competitive." The assumption that white males don't need just as
much help as minorities is wrong. (Believe it or not one
minority group "orientals" make more money on the average than
white's.) The point is that we all need help to succeed. Child
care during working hours is not just an issue for women. I
grant more women than men may be faced with this problem, but
think of the single man with a child. He probably needs more
help than a woman. It is the restriction of the group to
"minorities only" that is wrong, not the issue the group is
concerned with.

What happens with the restriction is resentment. When someone is
interested in the issue to be covered but cannot participate
that person resents that. Why should an advantage be given to
one person and not another on the basis of group status? No good
reason! The resentment, of course, will work its way out in
other ways, probably racist. The result is that management by
setting up "minority only" groups has participated in creating a
poor work environment.

I have covered why I believe 

	affirmative action when properly applied is good,

	what's wrong with current applications of affirmative
	action

	how we can fix what's wrong,

Unfortunately the solutions are not simple bandaides that can be
easily applied.

						Larry Welsch
						houxu!welsch

laura@utcsstat.UUCP (Laura Creighton) (09/13/83)

For people who keep lots and lots of news online and can go back
and read old issues, the AA debate between Larry Welsch and myself
went on in net.flame, not net.women in net.flames infancy...

Laura Creighton (I still think that AA boils down to an attempt
		 to make "white men" out of minorities because
		 "It is better for them" or "It is what it takes
		 to succeed" as it is currently proposed in Canada
		 where it is not implemented)
utzoo!utcsstat!laura