AIList-REQUEST@SRI-AI.ARPA (AIList Moderator Kenneth Laws) (10/30/85)
AIList Digest Wednesday, 30 Oct 1985 Volume 3 : Issue 159 Today's Topics: Queries - AI and Cognitive Psych in India & Statistical Expert Systems, Correction - BUG-LISPM@MIT-MC, Knowledge Representation - Text Understanding, Applications - LISP-Machine Tutors, Project - GUIDON-2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: Wed, 30 Oct 85 05:33:46 pst From: gluck@SU-PSYCH (Mark Gluck) Subject: Query: Info wanted on AI & Cognitive Psych in India I'm trying to collect information on scientists in India who are interested in--or doing research in--the areas of Artificial Intelligence or Cognitive Psychology. If you know of any such people or of any releveant research centers or Indian AI associations, I would be grateful if you could pass this information on to me at: gluck%su-psych@sumex-aim. To anyone interested in learning more about the Indian "Cognitive Science" community, I'd be happy to forward the collected information. -Mark Gluck Dept. of Psychology-SU Stanford, CA 94305 ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 26 Oct 85 15:16:37 PDT From: Stuart Crawford <GA.SLC@Forsythe> Subject: Statistical Expert Systems [Forwarded from the AI-ED list by Laws@SRI-AI.] I am interested in obtaining pointers to recent references regarding the known pros and cons of using pure statistical approaches to medical diagnosis (such as the use of classification and regression trees) as opposed to expert systems approaches. In particular, I am interested in any literature discussing the possible use of the combined use of such approaches. For example, using classification trees to help with the fine tuning of production rules, or using classification rules to augment current knowledge bases. I know much more about the statistical approaches than the ai approaches, but it seems that some interdisciplanary technique might be fruitful. Stuart Crawford [Bob Blum's RX/RADIX work at Stanford is the best reference I can suggest. -- KIL] ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 28 Oct 85 10:50 EST From: Christopher Garrigues <7thSon@SCRC-STONY-BROOK.ARPA> Subject: BUG-LISPM@MIT-MC In a recent AILIST digest, a recommendation was made that people interested in information on Symbolics Lisp Machine Information could join both SLUG@UTEXAS.ARPA and BUG-LISPM@MIT-MC.ARPA. The first is true. SLUG is the Symbolics Lisp Users Group and is exactly what it sounds like. The second is not true. BUG-LISPM@MIT-MC is where MIT users send their bug-reports to Symbolics and is exactly what that sounds like. The volume of requests to BUG-LISPM-REQUEST@MIT-MC got to the point that Symbolics Home Office Software Support (HOSS@SCRC-STONY-BROOK) has been added to that list. I believe that the confusion arose in the fact that MIT like most sites, allows LOCAL users to be on the bug mailing lists. In this case, local users are those who are students, faculty or otherwise associated with MIT. To subsume the purpose that BUG-LISPM@MIT-MC has for writing on, Symbolics customers with software contracts should send mail to HOSS@SCRC-STONY-BROOK.ARPA. If non-contract customers send legitimate bug reports to HOSS, we will note the report and forward it to the appropriate developers. As a source to read from, I believe there has been some discussion on the SLUG list of developing a second list for discussion of bugs and/or problems users have encountered along with bugfixes. You'll have to contact SLUG for futher information on that subject. I apologise for taking up the space on AILIST for a non-AI oriented entry, but since the overflow of traffic to BUG-LISPM-REQUEST@MIT-MC started here, I thought I should go to the source. Thanks for the audience, Chris Garrigues Symbolics Home Office Software Support (7thSon@SCRC-STONY-BROOK) ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 27 Aug 85 16:02:23 cst From: "V.J. Raghavan" <ihnp4!sask!regina!raghavan@UCB-VAX> Subject: Text Understanding [Excerpted from the IRList Digest by Laws@SRI-AI.] [This year's Montreal ACM SIGIR Conference on Information Retrieval had many interesting papers. A file, in "SMART" form, of the abstracts, was typed in at Univ. of Regina and edited at Virginia Tech. Order info for proceedings is: Proc. of the Eighth Annual Int. ACM SIGIR Conf. on R&D in Inf. Ret., ACM Order No. 606850 -- Ed] .I 10 .T Processing Free-Text Input to Obtain a Database of Medical Information .A EMILE C. CHI CAROL FRIEDMAN NAOMI SAGER MARGARET S. LYMAN .W The Linguistic String Project of New York University has developed computer programs that convert the information in free-text documents of a technical specialty into a structured form suitable for mapping into a relational database. The processing is based upon the restrictions on the use of language that are characteristic of the subject matter and the document type. These restrictions are summarized in a "sublanguage grammar" that provides a set of word classes and formulas corresponding to the objects and relations of interest in the domain. The programs are independent of the particular sublanguage grammar employed. The application to narrative patient records will be described and the applicability of the methods to other domains discussed. [...] ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 28 Oct 85 8:24:34 EST From: Bruce Nevin <bnevin@bbncch.ARPA> Subject: need for tutors Re: response to Cugini and Tatem by dndobrin@athena.mit.edu (3.153) This discussion reminds me of the LISP tutor developed at CMU. A brief search did not turn up the article that I read about it (John R. Anderson and Brian J. Reiser, The LISP Tutor, BYTE, April 1985), but I did find a piece to which it referred in its bibliography, `Minimalist Training' by John M. Carroll, Datamation, Nov. 1, 1984. Gist is that, of course, the ideal learning situation is me on one end of a log and Socrates on the other, but who can afford that, so the CMU folks set out to design a tutor for LISP that would provide the kind of immediate feedback at arbitrary depth that a human tutor would. And apparently with considerable success. Reference to a similar effort appeared in a talk by Pirolli at UCB last September 24 (according to Digest # 3.127) Since we can't `get Tatem to hang out over there for about three months' for all the `over theres' that there are, cloning software versions of his familiarity with LISP machines would seem to be the right answer. Bruce Nevin bn@bbncch.arpa BBN Communications 33 Moulton Street Cambridge, MA 02238 (617) 497-3992 ------------------------------ Date: Fri 25 Oct 85 13:40:35-PDT From: Mark Richer <RICHER@SUMEX-AIM.ARPA> Subject: GUIDON-2 Project [Forwarded from the AI-ED list by Laws@SRI-AI.] Here's some information on the GUIDON project, including references: Mark Richer, Oct. 25th, 1985 The GUIDON project is an applied AI research project at the Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Computer Science Department, Stanford University. This project is investigating strategies for teaching diagnostic reasoning (specifically, medical diagnosis) using computers and knowledge-based systems technology. Part of the effort in this project has been to extend the capabilities of KB systems technology for the purpose of explanation and instruction. NEOMYCIN, a knowledge-based diagnostic consultation system, has been implemented and is the foundation for a new series of instructional programs, collectively called GUIDON-2. These programs are substantially different in design than the original GUIDON tutoring system that worked in conjunction with EMYCIN (e.g., MYCIN) systems. The director of the project is William J. Clancey, Ph.D., Senior Research Associate, Computer Science Department, Stanford University. There are about a dozen people associated with this project at present including a physician. Below is a list of references that might be of interest to people doing work in computer-based instruction. Papers that are listed as HPP or KSL technical reports are available by writing or calling Knowledge Systems Laboratory, 701 Welch Road, Bldg. C, Palo Alto, CA 94304, (415) 497-3444. STAN-CS papers (I think) are available through the Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305. WARNING: Do not send requests for papers to me; I'm afraid I will get swamped. Try to find the reference yourself if it was published, otherwise request it directly by calling or mailing to KSL or Stanford CS. (KSL is part of the CS Dept, but we are housed in a separate building at present and we maintain our series of technical reports.) Thank you. References: [these are not in any particular order] Clancey, W.J. (1979) Transfer of rule-based expertise through a tutorial dialogue. Computer Science Doctoral Dissertation, Stanford University, NOT Available as a tech report. Revised version, MIT Press, in preparation. Clancey, W.J. (1979) Tutoring rules for guiding a case method dialogue. Int J of Man-Machine Studies, 11, 25-49. Also in Intelligent Tutoring Systems, eds. Sleeman and Brown, Academic Press, London, 1982. Clancey, W.J. (1982) Overview of GUIDON. Journal of Computer-Based Instruction, Summer 1983, Volume 10, Numbers 1 & 2, pages 8-15. Also in The Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, Volume 2, eds. Barr and Feigenbaum, Kaufmann, Los Altos. Also STAN-CS-93-997, HPP-83-42. Richer, M. and Clancey, W. J. (1985) GUIDON-WATCH: A graphic interface for browsing and viewing a knowledge-based system. To appear in IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, November 1985, Also KSL 85-20. Clancey, W.J., Bennett, J., and Cohen, P. (1979) Applications-oriented AI Research: Education. In The Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, Chapter IX, Volume 2, eds. Barr and Feigenbaum, Kaufmann, Los Altos. Also STAN-CS-79-749, HPP-79-17. Clancey, W.J., Shortliffe, E.H., and Buchanan, B.G. (1979) Intelligent computer-aided instruction for medical diagnosis. In Readings in Medical Artificial Intelligence: The First Decade, eds. W.J. Clancey and E.H. Shortliffe, Addison-Wesley, 1984. Also Proceedings of the Third Annual Symposium on Computer Applications in Medical Care, Silver Spring, Maryland, October 1979, pps. 175-183. Also HPP 80-10. Clancey, W.J. and Letsinger, R. (1981) NEOMYCIN: Reconfiguring a rule-based expert system for application to teaching. In Readings in Medical Artificial Intelligence: The First Decade, eds. W.J. Clancey and E.H. Shortliffe, Addison-Wesley, 1984. Proceedings of Seventh IJCAI, 1981, pps. 829-826. Also STAN-CS-82-908, HPP 81-2. Clancey, W.J. (1981) Methodology for Building an Intelligent Tutoring System. In Method and Tactics in Cognitive Science, eds. Kintsch, Miller, and Polson, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, New Jersey, 1984. Also STAN-CS-81-894, HPP 81-18. Clancey, W.J. (1984) Acquiring, representing, and evaluating a competence model of diagnosis. In Contributions to the Nature of Expertise, eds. Chi, Glaser, and Farr, in preparation. Also HPP-84-2. Clancey, W.J. (1979) Dialogue Management for Rule-based Tutorials. Proceedings of Sixth IJCAI, 1979, pps. 155-161. London, B. & Clancey W. J. (1982) Plan recognition strategies in student modeling: Prediction and description. Proceedings of AAAI-82, pps. 335-338. Also STAN-CS-82-909, HPP 82-7. Clancey, W.J. (1983) Communication, Simulation, and Intelligent Agents: Implications of Personal Intelligent Machines for Medical Education. Proceedings of AAMSI-83, pps. 556-560. Also HPP-83-3. Many people have influenced our thinking, but in particular the following paper may be helpful to understand our current thinking with regard to computer-based learning: @Inproceedings[BROWN83, key="Brown" ,Author="Brown, J.S." ,title="Process versus product--a perspective on tools for communal and informal electronic learning" ,booktitle="Education in the Electronic Age" ,note="Proceedings of a conference sponsored by the Educational Broadcasting Corporation, WNET/Thirteen Learning Lab, NY, pp. 41-58 ." ,month=July ,year=1983] The work described in this paper has its home at the XEROX Palo Alto Reasearch Center (PARC). ------------------------------ End of AIList Digest ********************