[net.politics] Nicaragua reading lists: a review --- Part 1

rrizzo@bbncca.ARPA (Ron Rizzo) (02/05/86)

<Dozo meshiagate, kudasai!>

Here's a review of the reading lists on Central American conflicts
offered by Tim Myers and Andy Berman.  It concentrates almost com-
pletely on Nicaragua.



*******************************
* REVIEWING THE READING LISTS *
*******************************


TIM MYERS' READING LIST


Reviewing the Reviews
=====================

Here are more reviews of Shirley Christian's book NICARAGUA: REVOLUTION IN
THE FAMILY (as found in BOOK REVIEW INDEX, May/Aug & Sep/Oct 85):

	Book List       v81     6/28/85         p 1508
	Book World      v15     7/14/85         p 4
	Business Week           8/19/85         p 12
	Christian Science Monitor       v77     9/30/85         p 23
	Commentary      v80     7/85            p 23
	Kirkus Reviews  v53     5/15/85         p 456
	LA Times Book Review    8/18/85         p 1
	NY Magazine             6/10/85         p 32
	NY Times        v134    7/20/85         p 11
	NY Times Book Review    v90     7/28/85         p 1
	Publishers Weekly       v227    6/7/85          p 71
	Wall Street Journal     v206    8/1/85          p 15
	Washington Monthly              7+8/85

I've read the reviews in NY Magazine (by Michael Kramer, a contributing
editor), NYTimes Book Review (by Timothy Garton Ash, author of "The Polish
Revolution: Solidarity", editorial writer for the Times of London, & foreign
editor of The Spectator--the later a conservative British journal of opinion;
but Ash doesn't seem to be very conservative at all: see his pieces on Hungary
in recent NYRs), & the Washington Monthly (Charles Lane, who published a
report from Managua, "The People's Happiness", in the 5/20/85 New Republic):
they're all favorable to Christian's book.

Kramer: "NICARAGUA is easy sledding, non-hysterical, well researched, and
honest.  Christian forces us to remember both the history of Nicaragua and
America's involvement there, and to recall how the anti-Somoza revolution
came about.  She reminds us, too, about the Sandinistas' roots and offers
a compelling (and grim) look at life inside Nicaragua today....Christian
is convincing on a key point:  Ronald Reagan didn't push the commandantes
into the Soviet-Cuban orbit.  They went there happily and from the begin-
ning because it is where they always intended to go....Read NICARAGUA.
It is time well spent."

Ash: "....this is very much a reporter's book.  At the beginning, we are 
parachuted straight into a forest of facts....She is quite right to correct
the Sandinistas' falsification of history, by pointing out that, `as autho-
ritarian regimes go,' the Somoza regime `ceded to its political enemies and
critics a relatively large amount of space to act in public life' and that
this non-Sandinista opposition played quite as large a part as the....FSLN
in the overthrow of Somoza in 1979....And in her narrative she provides a
wealth of detail to demonstrate, it seems to me beyond a reasonable doubt,
that the Sandinistas set out from the start to gain for themselves as much
power as possible, permanently, and were prepared from the start to use 
lies, lawlessness and violence against their political opponents when 
these seemed necessary."

Ash notes, however, that "it becomes clear quite early on that her trust
and sympathies lie with the elite of articulate, educated `bourgeois'
Nicaraguans" so that "there is a question whether her sympathies do not
lead her to overestimate their political will, strength and virtue."
"How democratic a system would they have installed?", he asks.  Though
he thinks her political critique of the Sandinistas sound, he finds
she rather arrogantly dismisses the economic achievements they claim
(land redistribution, health, housing, literacy): "A fuller and fairer
account of such social and economic improvements as the revolution has
(apparently) brought would not damage her political argument.  After
all, even the most obviously repressive and unjust Soviet-style
revolutions, such as those in Cuba or Poland, brought some socioeconomic
benefits to the peasantry, at least in the early stages."

He faults her "rather sweeping characterization of the Sandinistas
as `Leninist'" not only because differences between the commandantes
are visible, but because, despite their trappings of "Leninist
terminology and tactics", "the key to the Sandinistas' behavior is
rather to be found, as Peruvian novelist Mario Vargas Llosa has
suggested in an article in the New York Times Magazine ["In Nicaragua,"
4/28/85, pp 36-42] in `an old Latin American tradition' -- namely, that
`they believe, although they don't admit it, that real legitimacy resides
in the weapons that enable you to take power, and that once you have
power there is no reason to share it.'  An old Latin American tradition,
Mr. Vargas Llosa adds, `THAT THEY SHARE WITH A GOOD NUMBER OF THEIR
ADVERSARIES' (my [ie, Ash's] emphasis)."

A tradition that they share, in fact, with Mao and Chiang in China,
or even Castro and Battista in Cuba; this is my observation, at any rate,
not Ash's.  By the way, Llosa's latest novel, THE REAL LIFE OF ALEJANDRO
MAYTA (Farrar, Strauss & Giroux, 1986, $16.95), reviewed in the 1/12/86
Boston Sunday Globe, pp B17-18, traces the career of a gay Latin
revolutionary in the mountain of Peru.

Christian claims internal repression created the contras, but Ash
again invokes the above "tradition" to show there's an additional
reason: when you consider the armed opposition, whether contras or
anti-contra Eden Pastora, "you find yourself transported back into
the world of a Gabriel Garcia Marquez, a world in which armed rebellion
is the natural response to an affront to one's honor.  She [Christian]
herself comments: `It was difficult to tell whether Pastora was more
upset over the totalitarian drift of the regime or over his being
excluded from power'".  Finally, Ash notes that, since most of her
reporting (which is much of the book) was done in the early 80s, it
doesn't really cover the impact of the contras, and that she offers
no solutions.  Thus the book, more for its "description" than its
"analysis", is a "reportorial gold mine."


			[ Continued ]


					Better well-read than Red,
					Cheers,
					Ron Rizzo