[fa.tcp-ip] arpanet/milnet packet and message size

tcp-ip@ucbvax.ARPA (06/04/85)

From: Mike Brescia <brescia@bbnccv>

 - arpanet message size

Your local arpanet/milnet imp will accept messages from your host up to
1008-octets-less-one-bit (8063 bits) beyond the AHIP (arpanet host-imp protocol)
leader.  For those sites which use interfaces that handle data in units of 2
octets (vax or pdp11 and lhdh interface), this sets a practical limit of 1006
bytes.

 - significance of 126 octets

The arpanet imps handle data internally and forward them among themselves
using buffers and packets of "1008 bits or 126 bytes".  Also, messages 126
octets or shorter are treated differently in the imp end-to-end exchanges
(exchanges between the imp connected to the source host and that at the
destination).  Briefly, the "single packet" messages (126 or shorter) are sent
directly, while longer "multi-packet" messages are sent only after the source
imp has sent a short allocation request to the destination imp and gotten a
reply.  This is one reason why a data measurement a few years ago showed a
throughput peak at packet size of 126, then smaller throughput until the
packet size was increased beyond 4*126 octets.

The imp end-to-end algorithms are currently being redesigned to relax these
allocation delays, allow more than 8 messages at a time between hosts or
gateways (mentioned in some other notes), and remove some other causes of host
blocking where the imp delays accepting data from the host.