[fa.tcp-ip] Timetelling

mills@DCN6.ARPA (09/03/85)

Folks,

You might be interested in the following survey of Internet timetellers,
the results of which provide an interesting insight into the things that
can break in such a service. The section that follows was extracted from
a research report that may become an RFC. The original (promise not to
redistribute it) is in the file SYNCH.DOC in the MILLS directory at ISID.

A3.  Comparison of UDP and ICMP Time

     The third experiment was designed to assess the accuracies produced
by the various host implementations of the UDP Time protocol and ICMP
Timestamp messages.  For each of the hosts responding to the UDP Time
protocol in the first experiment a separate test was conducted using
both UDP and ICMP in the same test, so as to minimize the effect of
clock drift.  Of the 162 hosts responding to UDP requests, 45 also
responded to ICMP requests with apparently correct time, but the
remainder either responded with unknown or nonstandard ICMP time (29) or
failed to respond to ICMP requests at all (88).

     Table A8 shows both the UDP time (seconds) and ICMP time
(milliseconds) returned by each of the 45 hosts responding to both UDP
and ICMP requests.  The data are ordered first by indicated UDP offset
and then by indicated ICMP offset.  The seven hosts at the top of the
table are continuously synchronized, directly or indirectly to a radio
clock, as described earlier under the first experiment.  It is probable,
but not confirmed, that those hosts below showing discrepancies of a
second or less are synchronized on occasion to one of these hosts.

        Host                    UDP time        ICMP time
        -------------------------------------------------
        DCN6.ARPA               0 sec           0 msec
        DCN7.ARPA               0               0
        DCN1.ARPA               0               -6
        DCN5.ARPA               0               -7
        UMD1.ARPA               0               8
        UMICH1.ARPA             0               -21
        FORD1.ARPA              0               31
        TESLA.EE.CORNELL.EDU    0               132
        SEISMO.CSS.GOV          0               174
        UT-SALLY.ARPA           -1              -240
        CU-ARPA.CS.CORNELL.EDU  -1              -514
        UCI-ICSE.ARPA           -1              -1896
        UCI-ICSC.ARPA           1               2000
        DCN9.ARPA               -7              -6610
        TRANTOR.ARPA            10              10232
        COLUMBIA.ARPA           11              12402
        GVAX.CS.CORNELL.EDU     -12             -11988
        UCI-CIP5.ARPA           -15             -17450
        RADC-MULTICS.ARPA       -16             -16600
        SU-WHITNEY.ARPA         17              17480
        UCI-ICSD.ARPA           -20             -20045
        SU-COYOTE.ARPA          21              21642
        MIT-MULTICS.ARPA        27              28265
        BBNA.ARPA               -34             -34199
        UCI-ICSA.ARPA           -37             -36804
        ROCHESTER.ARPA          -42             -41542
        SU-AIMVAX.ARPA          -50             -49575
        UCI-CIP4.ARPA           -57             -57060
        SU-SAFE.ARPA            -59             -59212
        SU-PSYCH.ARPA           -59             -58421
        UDEL-MICRO.ARPA         62              63214
        UIUCDCSB.ARPA           63              63865
        BELLCORE-CS-GW.ARPA     71              71402
        USGS2-MULTICS.ARPA      76              77018
        BBNG.ARPA               81              81439
        UDEL-DEWEY.ARPA         89              89283
        UCI-CIP3.ARPA           -102            -102148
        UIUC.ARPA               105             105843
        UCI-CIP2.ARPA           -185            -185250
        UCI-CIP.ARPA            -576            -576386
        OSLO-VAX.ARPA           3738            3739395
        DEVVAX.TN.CORNELL.EDU   3657            3657026
        PATCH.ARPA              -86380          20411
        IPTO-FAX.ARPA           -86402          -1693
        NETWOLF.ARPA            10651435        -62164450

        Table A8. Comparison of UDP and ICMP Host Clock Offsets

     Allowing for various degrees of truncation and roundoff abuse in
the various implmentations, discrepancies of up to a second could be
expected between UDP and ICMP time.  While the results for most hosts
confirm this, some discrepancies are far greater, which may indicate
defective implementations, excessive swapping delays and so forth.  For
instance, the ICMP time indicated by UCI-CIP5.ARPA is almost 2.5 seconds
less than the UDP time.

     Even though the UDP and ICMP times indicated by OSLO-VAX.ARPA and
DEVVAX.TN.CORNELL.EDU agree within nominals, the fact that they are
within a couple of minutes or so of exactly one hour early (3600
seconds) lends weight to the conclusion they were incorrectly set,
probably by an operator who confused local summer and standard time.

     Something is clearly broken in the case of PATCH.ARPA,
IPTO-FAX.ARPA and NETWOLF.ARPA.  Investigation of the PATCH.ARPA and
IPTO-FAX.ARPA reveals that these hosts were set by hand accidently one
day late (-86400 seconds), but otherwise close to the correct
time-of-day.  Since the ICMP time rolls over at 2400 UT, the ICMP offset
was within nominals.  No explanation is available for the obviously
defective UDP and ICMP times indicated by NETWOLF.ARPA, although it was
operating within nominals at least in the first experiment.

Dave
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