[net.physics] Gentry's polonium haloes

lew@ihuxr.UUCP (Lew Mammel, Jr.) (02/19/84)

I promised Paul Dubuc a long time ago that I would post my assesment
of Gentry's polonium haloes. I did post a summary of Gentry's claim
along with a summary of an independent assesment which concluded that
Gentry's evidence wasn't very strong.  Paul wasn't satisfied with this,
commenting that I hadn't "answered" Gentry, which I hadn't intended
to do. Here is my judgement of the situation.

Radioactive haloes are due to small (~2 micron) inclusions of radioactive
material, usually uranium, in various rocks. The uranium decays through
a series of intermediate products into lead, and each decay has a fixed
energy. this results in the alpha paricles emitted accumulating at a
fixed distance (for a given decay) from the inclusion where they cause
enough dislocation to cause coloration in the rock. An "overexposed"
ring will form a disk. Sometimes there are even "reversing effects" due
to multiple exposures by different decays. These rings range from about
5 to 20 microns in radius.

Polonium is one of these intermediate decay products, which itself
decays in a matter of minutes, leaving its own characteristic rings
along with the others. The so-called polonium haloes seem to show
only the polonium signature, without the other products. WOW! They
must be due to inclusions of polonium by itself! How could it have
gotten there? As Gentry noted, the problem "seems to defy reason".

But wait, how come the other guys aren't impressed? Well, all the
other rings lie within the innermost of three polonium rings, and
this innermost ring is an overexposed disk which would obscure them
if present. So the other guys say, "Hey no problem, they're in there."

But wait again! Gentry has done all kinds of detailed assays of the
inclusion itself, and concludes that the uranium isn't there (in
"sufficient quantities", that is) However, he is working at the limits
of the several techniques he applied due to the small size of the
haloes.

So where does that leave you? You can believe Gentry, or you can say
"phooey" ... or somebody could check it out independently. The
independent check I mentioned was just visual, and didn't attempt to
reproduce any of Gentry's exquisite assays. Here's the rub. Gentry
makes quite a point of the tremendous effort he's sunk into this, so
nobody feels like taking the bait and spending all that time on what
is surely a bunch of nonsense anyway. Yes, it is just like refusing
to look through Galileo's telescope! Except that that was a little
easier, I should think.

The one telling point against Gentry's interpretation that I can think
of is his failure to find any polonium haloes WITHOUT THE INNER RING
OVEREXPOSED. As I mentioned, these things come in all varieties. Gentry
has one amazing figure which crowds about twenty different types into
a montage, with labels a through r (including h' and r'). He spends
a long time making his case that the polonium haloes can be distinguished
from all the varieties of uranium haloes.

So with all this variety, including plenty of underexposed uranium
haloes, you'd think you might see a polonium halo with a nice blank
spot where the other uranium rings should be. That doesn't prove he's
wrong mind you, but I think it saves conventional geology from going
down the tubes for the time being at least.

References on request.

	Lew Mammel, Jr. ihnp4!ihuxr!lew