[net.physics] Sunrise Phenomenon

pagiven@drutx.UUCP (10/31/84)

                                 -
Can anyone out there explain the atmospheric  phenomenon  known  as
the  "rosy  fingers  of dawn" in reasonably plain English (that is,
without invoking quantum chromodynamics or other esoteric  theory)?
In  case this beautiful morning sight is known by another name, let
me explain: On a cloudless morning, just before the limb of the sun
breaks the horizon, deep pink shafts of light radiate from the hor-
izon to just beyond directly overhead but not quite to the  western
horizon.   There  appears  to  be four or five very sharply defined
shafts of light, alternating with deep blue, growing with intensity
as  the  horizon  is  neared.   One is reminded of the "rising sun"
Japanese flag symbol.  Interestingly enough, I have never seen this
at sunset.  Can it happen then, too?

I have only seen this about three times in my life.  Having seen it
for  the  third  time  just  yesterday, my curiosity screams for an
answer.

Thanks in advance.

 -----------------------------------------------------------------
 Paul Given             {ihnp4, houxe, stcvax!ihnp4}!drutx!pagiven
              AT&T Information Systems Laboratories
 11900 N. Pecos, Rm 1B04, Denver 80234              (303)-538-4058
 -----------------------------------------------------------------

rpw3@redwood.UUCP (Rob Warnock) (11/02/84)

+---------------
| Can anyone out there explain the atmospheric  phenomenon  known  as
| the  "rosy  fingers  of dawn" in reasonably plain English (that is,
| without invoking quantum chromodynamics or other esoteric  theory)?
+---------------

I'll give it a go, though I don't know how accurate this is...

+---------------
| In  case this beautiful morning sight is known by another name, let
| me explain: On a cloudless morning, just before the limb of the sun
| breaks the horizon, deep pink shafts of light radiate from the hor-
| izon to just beyond directly overhead but not quite to the  western
| horizon.   There  appears  to  be four or five very sharply defined
| shafts of light, alternating with deep blue, growing with intensity
| as  the  horizon  is  neared.   One is reminded of the "rising sun"
| Japanese flag symbol.  Interestingly enough, I have never seen this
| at sunset.  Can it happen then, too?
|     Paul Given             {ihnp4, houxe, stcvax!ihnp4}!drutx!pagiven
+---------------

I believe what you are seeing may be literally the shadows of the
contours of the Earth just below the eastern horizon. That is, there
will be places (below the horizon) which are lower than others, and
through those "gaps" sunlight will stream overhead (your head) before
the sun is completely above that "further horizon". (I'm not explaining
this very well, am I?) Since raw sunlight in such beams is very much
brighter than the general scatter of the false dawn, you will see these
shafts of light (due to scatter), much like a searchlight.

A similar phenomenon occurs towards the end of a total solar eclipse,
when the Sun begins to peek out from behind the Moon, producing what
is called the "wedding ring" (bright "hot spots" where sunlight is
actually shining through valleys or mountain passes at the horizon
of the Moon).

If is indeed seen more often in the morning, it is probably because the
air is more still then than at the corresponding time in the afternoon
(after the Sun has heated up the local earth and water and stirred up
all sorts of thermals and currents), and the still air allows a clearer
definition of the "rosy fingers".

[ O.k., I've stuck my neck out... anybody want to chop it off? ;-} ]

Rob Warnock

UUCP:	{ihnp4,ucbvax!amd}!fortune!redwood!rpw3
DDD:	(415)572-2607
Envoy:	rob.warnock/kingfisher
USPS:	510 Trinidad Ln, Foster City, CA  94404

jlg@lanl.ARPA (11/02/84)

> 
>                                  -
> Can anyone out there explain the atmospheric  phenomenon  known  as
> the  "rosy  fingers  of dawn" in reasonably plain English (that is,
> without invoking quantum chromodynamics or other esoteric  theory)?
> In  case this beautiful morning sight is known by another name, let
> me explain: On a cloudless morning, just before the limb of the sun
> breaks the horizon, deep pink shafts of light radiate from the hor-
> izon to just beyond directly overhead but not quite to the  western
> horizon.   There  appears  to  be four or five very sharply defined
> shafts of light, alternating with deep blue, growing with intensity
> as  the  horizon  is  neared.   One is reminded of the "rising sun"
> Japanese flag symbol.  Interestingly enough, I have never seen this
> at sunset.  Can it happen then, too?

I have seen this a number of times at both sunrise and sunset.  On one
very dramatic occasion the cause of the phenomon was also directly in 
view.  It was a distant mountain who's contours cast a shadow on the 
lower atmosphere.  In the places where the mountain was lower, the 
sunlight reaches lower into the air above me, and a brighter shaft of 
light was produced.  

I don't know if this is the only cause of the phenomon, but it is certainly
A cause.  Try looking around for large obsticles on the horizon and
position yourself so that it is between you and the setting (or rising)
sun.  You should be a sufficient distance away for the object to cast
shadows on you only when the sun is at or below horizontal.  Your best
chance is on a day with thermal inversion layers in the atmosphere so
that the difference in scattering between one atmospheric level and
the next is most apparent.  (This may be why you have only seen the
effect at sunrise.  Inversion layers form over cities at night, but are
usually burned off by the sun during the day.  Only in regions with
shallow valleys bordered by mountains do inversion layers form during
the day.) 

Good hunting!