[net.wines] Frances"s blight

recr5553 (12/10/82)

This is a case of cause and cure both.  Phylloxera is a little beetle-like
creature that lives on the roots of grape vines and has a nasty habit of
killing the vines upon which it lives.  It is thought to be indigenous to the
native vines of the eastern United States.  For many years it was known that
European vines would not grow in the eastern US but not understood why.
The little beetle found its way to France in the 1860's, probably on an
American vine being imported for experimental grafting purposes, and that
spelled the potential end of the European wine industry.  Within 20 years it
had destroyed virtually every vine in France; the rest of Europe was also to
suffer this fate.  About this time, it was discovered that one could graft
cuttings of European vines onto American root-stocks which are naturally
resistant to the beetle.  The resultant vines bore fruit characteristic
of the European varieties, although there probably were some subtle
changes in character.  Millions of root-stocks were imported and the
European wine industry saved.  In this way, the US was both the villain and
hero in this saga.

good references:
"Wine" by Hugh Johnson, Simon and Schuster (nice, easy reading, informal)
"Alexis Lichine's Encyclopedia of Wines and Spirits", Alfred A. Knopf

dad (12/10/82)

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