[net.suicide] Is it a right?

spaf@gatech.UUCP (06/04/83)

I do not think that suicide should be considered a "right."
(In fact, if you'll pardon the pun, it is often a "wrong.")

Consider some common causes of suicide: fear, depression, rage.
I'll give examples of each in a moment, but the question I ask
myself in each is whether the individual involved is able to
make an accurate decision of such finality.  I ask myself,
if someone I loved were to wish to die, and gave me their
reasons, would I be able to be the one to "pull the plug" for
them?  Or would I tell them that their perspective is
temporarily skewed? (And do I have any "right" to make such
a judgement?)  Let me list a few examples for illustration:

When I worked in a hospital emergency room I saw a number of
suicide attempts.  Perhaps the one which stuck in my mind the
most was the case of a 17 year old girl who tried to commit
suicide by taking 300 aspirin.  This was on Mother's Day.
It took six of us to hold her down while her stomach was
pumped -- she very much wanted to die, it seems.  Why?
She was afraid she was pregnant and could not face her
parents.

A friend of mine back in high school days wanted to graduate
early from high school.  He was very bright and personable,
a talented athlete, a great wit, and a caring person.
He was very impatient and bored with high school, however.
He completed all the necessary courses in just 3 years and
felt very stiffled in the regimen of the school.
He and 2 other people in the same situation went to the
vice principal to petition for early graduation.  They
were denied (I don't remember why).  They were very angry
and tried again -- petitioning the district superintendant.
I remember hearing from another friend about how angry with
the situation Chris was.  He complained that the administrators
just didn't understand, that they just didn't care.  He
commented about how they needed to be shown how important
it was to him and his friends.  Well, he showed them.
At the meeting where they were informed that their second
petition had failed, Chris pulled out a gun and shot himself.
He left a note indicating that he hoped this would be a
"lesson" for the administrators.

Again, high school days.  Someone I knew had his girlfriend
drop him for someone else.  He was inconsolate.  This was
his "one true love" and he felt there could never be another.
It was also his first real girlfriend and they'd only
been going together for a few months, but for him it was
the end of the world.  Literally.  He was so depressed
that he couldn't deal with it anymore.  So, after a threat
to this poor girl that he would kill himself if she didn't
come back (which she ignored as excessive melodrama), he
drove his car into the side of the school building one day
at lunch hour at about 70 miles an hour. His ex-girlfriend
saw the incident, as did about 200 other people, and had
to be hospitalized for a while due to feelings of guilt and the like.


Now, I look at all of those cases, and many others I have
heard of or seen, and the one common factor I see is profound
lack of perspective.  What I mean is that the individual involved
just had not had sufficient experience or insight to be
able to realize that the situation was one that could
be dealt with and better times would come.  I would not
go quite so far as to claim that they were not sane at the
time, but I do believe that they were not thinking clearly.

So, is it their "right" to not think clearly?  A look around
might class a lot of people in that category, including members
of our government and military, not to mention some of us
netters.  I am all for allowing people to think whatever they
want, but the action they take concerns me.  Suppose some one
my friends thought about my (ex-)girlfiend breaking up with me.
I was very depressed for quite a while.  Suppose my friend
felt that I just couldn't deal with it and decided to put
me out of my misery?  Is that a "right" of his?  

What really makes the point is time.  After enough time
we can look back at things we did and either say "Gee, was
I a jerk!  Things have gotten better."  or
"Wow, was I mistaken!  Things weren't so bad then -- look
at my situation now!"
If someone doesn't move forward, they cannot look back
with the perspective of time and make comments like that.
The same person would make a different decision later in life, so
long as they had the chance.  Suicide prevents that perspective.
Therefore, I don't think it is something that should
be considered right.

Maybe all of this is imposing my own values on the situation,
but I'm a firm believer that each life is special and deserves
respect and nurturing.  Tomorrow may dump more garbage on me
tomorrow, but it may bring me some more joys too.  I won't
be in a position to judge it all til the end and I can
look back.  I think suicide causes premature evaluation --
before all the results are in.  Let's not encourage anyone
to make such a hasty decision.


Gene Spafford

Spaf at GATech		   (CS Net)
Spaf.GATech at UDel-Relay  (ARPA)		 School of ICS
...!allegra!gatech!spaf    (uucp)           	 Georgia Tech
...!duke!mcnc!msdc!gatech!spaf                   Atlanta, GA 30332
-- 
"The soapbox of Gene Spafford"

swatt@ittvax.UUCP (06/05/83)

Regarding Gene Spafford's comments about "suicide is not a right".  I tend
to agree with him that a lot of cases of suicide are just poor judgment,
or lack of perspective.  My own high school had at least one suicide I
know of over trivia (not being elected to something).  10, 5, or perhaps
even 2 years later those events which seemed so important are reduced
to more realistic proportions.

However, to conclude from this that suicide is "not a right" one must ask:

	How does one prevent people from exercising this non-right?

It was the case in Great Britan until recently (1974 I believe) that the
property of suicides was confiscated by the state.  Is this preferable?

One method that is employed today is simply to declare people who
attempt suicide incompetant (in the legal sense) and take away their
freedom to act.  I don't believe our written laws state this view, but
in practice, attempted suicide is viewed by our society as grounds
to put the person under some kind of guardianship, which is to say,
put in an institution.  Certainly with minors, who are to some degree
legally incompetant anyway, parents or relatives who want to have them
involuntarily committed to an institution will have little trouble if
they have a history of attempted suicide.

Now perhaps in the cases of just plain poor judgment or lack of
perspective, a few months under supervision and restraint would suffice
to cure their attitude.  I bet several hours spent really TALKING with
their parents or other adults would have the same effect.  Parents want
to save their children from all the mistakes they made, but without
having to admit to them!  I think growing up around grandparents used
to have the effect of giving a larger perspective to kids; they could
usually get a story or two about what their parents were like when they
were growing up.

In cases of chronic suicidal depression, there is also strong support
from society if parents or relatives want to force
institutionalization.  The record of involuntary committment is not a
terribly good one.  It is very hard to perform the functions of both
jailer and therapist.  People won't cooperate with the therapists
because they know everything they say is reported back to the
authorities who grant or withold priviliges according to their notion
of "progress". Whatever was wrong with them to start with, being forced
into an institution tends to develop paranioa (justifiably).

Other cases: painful and terminal diseases, general boredom with life,
etc., how are you going to recognize who might be thinking of suicide
if they are otherwise managing their affairs? Will you require all
private therapists to report "indications" of suicidal thoughts?  This
will only make people not cooperate with private therapists, and turn
the whole society into an institution.  (It is worth noting that the
USSR treats certain political ideas as "mental illness" requiring
institutional treatment.  The "treatment" is, of course, controlled by
the state).

You might be able to reduce the number of suicides by adopting a
penalty for "success", such as confiscation of private estate, but this
seems only to punish the survivors, who are presumably grieved enough.

You might be able to force treatment of all people who attempt suicide
by making it a crime with a mandatory sentence (sentence to treatment
facilities), but I would want more proof of effectiveness before I
endorse this approach.

It is interesting that the original opposition to suicide was based on
religious grounds, that is your life belongs to God and you have it
only to use "in trust".  In an officially secular society, if God
doesn't own your life, and you don't own it, who does?  If the price of
reducing suicide is to make the state the "owner" of individual lives,
then I'm afraid I prefer to have the suicides.

In conclusion:

	Suicide is a "right" unless you're willing to adopt policies
	and practices sufficient to prevent it.


		- Alan S. Watt