ajs@hpfcla.UUCP (ajs) (09/07/84)
Here is a document that may interest you if you hike, climb, or like to
draw maps. I've also improved the program that uses this data,
gcdist(1), so it understands higher precision, among other things.
I posted the gcdist (great circle distances and headings) package a long
time (two years?) ago. Rather than repost it here and now, since it's
about 25Kb of source, let me know by mail if you would like a copy.
I'll mail it to you, or, if I get enough requests (or one from ARPAnet,
the great unreachable beyond :-) ), I'll post it after all.
Please, no flames about using net.sources; it seems like the right place
for this sort of thing, and it's at least as useful as some of the OTHER
stuff in this notesfile...
Alan Silverstein, Hewlett-Packard Fort Collins Systems Division, Colorado
{ihnp4 | hplabs}!hpfcla!ajs, 303-226-3800 x3053, N 40 31'31" W 105 00'43"
# This is a shell archive. Remove anything before this line, then
# unpack it by saving it in a file and typing "sh file". (Files
# unpacked will be owned by you and have default permissions.)
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# This archive contains:
# fourteeners
echo x - fourteeners
cat > "fourteeners" << '//E*O*F fourteeners//'
LOCATIONS, ALTITUDES, AND RANGES OF FOURTEENERS (14000-FOOT PEAKS)
IN THE UNITED STATES, EXCEPT ALASKA
Data gathered by Alan Silverstein. Last updated 840906.
Explanations of the meanings, derivation, and accuracy of the
data follow the tables.
Differences
Lat Long Alt Name of Peak Range GN ED Or BL
======= ======== ===== ==================== =========== == == == ==
COLORADO: (54 peaks, 6 sub peaks)
390704N 1062641W 14433 Mount Elbert Sawatch . . . .
391114N 1062829W 14421 Mount Massive Sawatch . . . .
385528N 1061912W 14420 Mount Harvard Sawatch 14 . . .
373438N 1052907W 14345 Blanca Peak S de Cristo . . 38 .
390146N 1062821W 14336 La Plata Peak Sawatch . . . .
391144N 1062913W 14320 North Massive (sub) Sawatch M M M .
380418N 1072741W 14309 Uncompahgre Peak San Juan . . . .
375800N 1053505W 14294 Crestone Peak S de Cristo . . . .
392105N 1060639W 14286 Mount Lincoln Mosquito . . . .
393802N 1054901W 14270 Grays Peak Front . . . .
384026N 1061446W 14269 Mount Antero Sawatch . . . .
393834N 1054915W 14267 Torreys Peak Front . . . .
390035N 1065139W 14265 Castle Peak Elk . . . .
392350N 1060621W 14265 Quandary Peak Mosquito . . 4 .
393519N 1053834W 14264 Mount Evans Front . . . .
401517N 1053655W 14255 Longs Peak Front . . 6 .
375021N 1075927W 14246 Mount Wilson San Juan . . . .
392049N 1060705W 14238 Mount Cameron (sub) Mosquito . M M .
383708N 1061420W 14229 Shavano Peak Sawatch 25 . n n
375753N 1053434W 14197 Crestone Needle S de Cristo . . 1 .
385738N 1062138W 14197 Mount Belford Sawatch 6 . . .
384458N 1061431W 14197 Mount Princeton Sawatch . . . .
385039N 1061848W 14196 Mount Yale Sawatch 4 . . .
392007N 1060625W 14172 Mount Bross Mosquito . . . .
375847N 1053607W 14165 Kit Carson Mountain S de Cristo . . n n
375022N 1080017W 14159 El Diente Peak San Juan . . . .
390415N 1065919W 14156 Maroon Peak Elk . . n .
383732N 1061501W 14155 Tabeguache Mountain Sawatch M . . .
385753N 1062018W 14153 Mount Oxford Sawatch . . . .
380013N 1075000W 14150 Mount Sneffels San Juan M . . .
392023N 1060822W 14148 Mount Democrat Mosquito . . . .
390615N 1062625W 14134 South Elbert (sub) Sawatch M M M .
391045N 1062804W 14132 South Massive (sub) Sawatch M M M .
390901N 1070457W 14130 Capitol Peak Elk . . . .
385026N 1050238W 14110 Pikes Peak Front 09 . . .
390708N 1070357W 14092 Snowmass Mountain Elk . . . .
373717N 1073529W 14087 Windom Peak San Juan 2 . . 2
373722N 1073715W 14084 Mount Eolus San Juan 3 . . 3
385414N 1061749W 14073 Mount Columbia Sawatch 1 . . .
385650N 1062240W 14067 Missouri Mountain Sawatch . . . .
375834N 1053317W 14064 Humboldt Peak S de Cristo . . . .
393458N 1054005W 14060 Mount Bierstadt Front . . . .
373738N 1073543W 14059 Sunlight Peak San Juan . . . .
375447N 1073014W 14048 Handies Peak San Juan . . . .
370720N 1051106W 14047 Culebra Peak Culebra . . . .
373457N 1052931W 14042 Ellingwood Point S de Cristo . M n n
373505N 1052625W 14042 Mount Lindsey S de Cristo . . . .
373731N 1073714W 14039 North Eolus (sub) San Juan . M M .
373400N 1052948W 14037 Little Bear Peak S de Cristo . . . .
391330N 1061009W 14036 Mount Sherman Mosquito . . . .
375627N 1072517W 14034 Redcloud Peak San Juan . . . .
390052N 1065148W 14022 Conundrum Peak (sub) Elk . M . .
390417N 1065659W 14018 Pyramid Peak Elk . . . .
375137N 1075903W 14017 Wilson Peak San Juan . . . .
380338N 1073037W 14015 Wetterhorn Peak San Juan . . 7 .
390434N 1065912W 14014 North Maroon Peak Elk . . . .
375913N 1065551W 14014 San Luis Peak San Juan . . . .
385643N 1062615W 14005 Huron Peak Sawatch 3 . . .
392805N 1062845W 14005 Mount o/t Holy Cross Sawatch 3 . . .
375522N 1072530W 14001 Sunshine Peak San Juan . . . .
CALIFORNIA: (12 peaks)
363438N 1181733W 14494 Mount Whitney Sierra . . M M
363922N 1181837W 14375 Mount Williamson Sierra . . M M
373800N 1181512W 14246 White Mountain White Mtn M . M M
370538N 1183119W 14242 North Palisade Sierra . . M M
412436N 1221142W 14162 Mount Shasta Cascade M . M M
370540N 1183007W 14162 Mount Sill Sierra 3 . M M
363527N 1181716W 14086 Mount Russell Sierra . . M M
370116N 1182520W 14058 Split Mountain Sierra . . M M
370412N 1182809W 14040 Middle Palisade Sierra . . M M
363124N 1181417W 14028 Mount Langley Sierra 7 . M M
363921N 1182010W 14018 Mount Tyndall Sierra . . M M
363350N 1181728W 14015 Mount Muir Sierra . . M M
WASHINGTON:
465110N 1214531W 14410 Mount Rainier Cascade . . M M
465147N 1214626W 14112 Liberty Cap Cascade . M M M
COLORADO CORNERS:
365957N 1090242W Colorado SW corner
410002N 1090257W Colorado NW corner
410009N 1020304W Colorado NE corner
365935N 1020230W Colorado SE corner
SOURCES OF DATA:
GNIS: United States Geological Survey (USGS) "Geographic Names
Information System", Denver, July 1984.
EDUS: USGS pamphlet, "Elevations and Distances in the United
States", 1980 printing (USGPO 341-618-35).
Ormes: Robert Ormes, "Guide to the Colorado Mountains", 6th
edition, 1974.
B/L: Borneman/Lampert, "A Climbing Guide to Colorado's
Fourteeners", 1st edition, 1978.
NAUS: National Atlas of the United States, 1970.
MEANINGS, DERIVATION, AND ACCURACY:
Latitude, Longitude:
Numbers represent degrees, minutes, and seconds of arc. They
are from the GNIS where available; exceptions are listed
below. The GNIS was created by digitizing best available
maps, usually 7.5-minute topological maps. United States
National Map Accuracy Standards state that, at the scale of
such maps (1:24000), "not more than 10% of the points tested
shall be in error... by more than 1/50 inch, measured on the
publication scale".
The 7.5-minute map for the NW corner of Colorado measured
43.76cm wide, or 17.23in. Thus the worst east-west error for
the Colorado peaks would be (0.02 / 17.23 * 7.5 * 60) = 0.52
seconds of arc. On nine maps measured, the height varied from
57.44cm (22.61in) to 57.78cm. The worst case north-south
error would then be (0.02 / 22.61 * 7.5 * 60) = 0.40 seconds.
Both ways, 1/50 inch at 1:24000 scale represents 40 feet.
Of course, the GNIS digitizing process probably added some
error as well. Of seven peaks measured as a check, eight
coordinates were the same, five were off by 1 second after
rounding to the nearest second, and one (longitude for Mount
Columbia) was off by exactly one minute of arc (probably a
typo in the GNIS; correct value shown here).
North and South Massive, South Elbert, Tabeguache Mountain,
Mount Sneffels, and the Colorado corner points were measured
by hand from 7.5-minute topo maps, based on offsets divided by
widths or heights of maps. Measurements were made to the
nearest 0.03cm and results rounded to the nearest second. The
Colorado boundaries are apparently not as simple as they seem!
White Mountain and Mount Shasta locations were taken from the
NAUS. They were given in tenths of minutes, so the inherent
error in the numbers above is 3 seconds of arc.
Altitude:
Altitudes, in feet above mean sea level, were taken from the
EDUS where available, since GNIS altitudes are in some cases
to benchmarks a few feet below the peak. In the other cases
they were taken from the GNIS or B/L, as available.
Name of Peak:
The GNIS and EDUS names were used since they had no conflicts.
However, Ormes and B/L say "Mount Shavano", not "Shavano
Peak"; "Kit Carson Peak", not "Kit Carson Mountain"; and
"Ellingwood Peak", not "Ellingwood Point". Ormes says "South
Maroon Peak", not "Maroon Peak".
High points generally considered sub-peaks are marked "(sub)".
Mount Cameron is a sub-peak of Mount Lincoln; Ellingwood
Point, of Blanca Peak; and Conundrum Peak, of Castle Peak.
There are other local high points above 14000 feet which are
closer to their main peaks, so typically not named, and not
listed here.
Range:
Main ranges are shown, based on reading maps. "Sangre de
Cristo" is abbreviated "S de Cristo".
GN, ED, Or, BL:
These columns compare altitudes and peak names between the
four sources. If a number appears, it is the least-
significant digit or digits of the altitude from that source,
where different from the Altitude column. "M" means the peak
is missing from that source's list. "n" means that source
calls the peak by a different name, as described above.
OTHER COMMENTS:
Every 7.5-minute map measured was slightly (less than 1%)
smaller than you would expect based on first principles (the
scale, and the size of the earth). The older the map, the
worse the error. Apparently they shrink after printing!
However, scaling measurements accordingly accounts for this.
Counts of the 54 Colorado Fourteeners by range and by type of
name:
Sawatch: 15 Peaks: 28
San Juan: 13 Mounts: 20
Sangre de Cristo: 8 Mountains: 4
Elk: 6 Others: 2 (Ellingwood Point,
Front: 6 Crestone Needle)
Mosquito: 5
Culebra: 1
//E*O*F fourteeners//
echo Possible errors detected by \'wc\' [hopefully none]:
temp=/tmp/$0$$
trap "rm -f $temp; exit" 0 1 2 3 15
cat > $temp <<\!!!
214 1545 9853 fourteeners
!!!
wc fourteeners | sed 's=[^ ]*/==' | diff -b $temp -
exit 0