[net.audio] CD defect

rmd@hpcnoa.UUCP (01/31/84)

Here's some ammunition for CD foes:

I bought a CD recently with an audible defect which cannot be removed by
cleaning.  The  defect is clearly in the CD itself and not in the master
because it does not always appear at the same place in the music.

The defect is a band of very small  bubble or dust  particles  in the CD
near the outer  portions  of the  music.  The band is about  1/8th of an
inch wide and is straight,  intersecting the disc tangentially.  It is 2
or 3 inches in length.

The  audible  result  sometimes  sounds  like a brief tape  dropout  and
sometimes sounds like a low-level 'pop' on a LP.

The CD  player is a CDP 101,  which of course  has only  mediocre  error
correction  characteristics.  A better CD player might very well be able
to play this CD with no audible problems.

My conclusion is that error correction  ability is more important than I
had   previously   thought.  We  can  only  expect  the  quality  of  CD
manufacturing  to go down as the volume  increases.  Even on this  disc,
the  defect  is not as bad as the pops and  scratches  on LPs, but it is
enough to be irritating.

Anyone have any constructive comments or similar experiences?

Rick Dow
inhp4!hpfcla!rmd

stenerso@orstcs.UUCP (02/09/84)

   The CD debate is now getting petty.  Getting a few bad CD's is no reason
to damn the whole CD process.  Just as with analog discs (LP's) you
tend to get a few rejects.  When this happens you simply return them to
where you purchased them for an exchange.  I would expect quality to go
up as quantity increases since any bugs should be eliminated or
reduced as the process of producing discs is 'perfected.'
   The error correction used is a Cross Interleave Reed Solomon (CIRC)
Code.  The maximum correctable burst length is 3500 bits (~2.4mm) and
the maximum acceptable burst (error correction + interpolation) is
12000 bits (~8.5mm).
   However, when Sony developed the CIRC code they made it possible to
use all of its power or part of it.  The idea being that more
expensive players would use all of the code and less expensive players
would only use part of it.  At this point I do not know how much of
the error correction capability is used in present players.
   I must admit that I do not own a CD player at present.  They are still
a bit spendy for a struggling EE student!  But I have listened to one
though a pair of Stax headhones and do plan on buying a player by the
end of the year.
   As it see it there are not any major problems with the following:
	1. sampling rate (band width)
	2. quantization (16 bits linear/channel)
	   (I do wonder why a nonlinear quantizer was not used though,
	    ie.  CCITT.)
	3. error detection and correction
	4. features (ie. direct access to any part of the disc)

   The major limitations are more concerned with the present
implementation then with the disc format.
	1. bad software (discs)
	2. the analog and digital filters could be a problem if not
	   designed properly.
   I will not give details on the above since they have already been
beaten to death on the net!
   Flames to /dev/null!

Roger Stenerson