[net.audio] How do you check antiskating?

dmmartindale@watcgl.UUCP (Dave Martindale) (04/24/84)

Is there any reasonable way to check/set antiskating on a tonearm,
other than playing a test record with signals of successively higher
cutting levels until mistracking occurs?

I KNOW the antiskate calibration scale on my arm is incorrect for my
cartridge.  Doesn't the required antiskate force vary from one cartridge
(and stylus) to the next anyway?

	Dave Martindale
	{decvax,ihnp4,allegra,clyde}!watmath!dmmartindale

sjc@mordor.UUCP (04/24/84)

I've heard that using a grooveless disc to determine the optimum antiskating
gives significantly different results from using a disc with heavily modulated
sine waves and looking for clipping. Allegedly, having the tip of the stylus
rubbing against smooth vinyl isn't the same as having the sides of the stylus
bouncing around inside a groove.

Myself, I wouldn't know. My Antique Research turntable never discovered
antiskating, so I just set the vertical tracking force to the max that
Shure recommended, and bought a CD player as soon as I could.--Steve

rcd@opus.UUCP (Dick Dunn) (04/26/84)

<>
>I KNOW the antiskate calibration scale on my arm is incorrect for my
>cartridge.  Doesn't the required antiskate force vary from one cartridge
>(and stylus) to the next anyway?

Yes, somewhat - but the variation is related to the required tracking
force.  That's why some tonearms have an anti-skate scale calibrated the
same as the tracking force, and others do the anti-skate adjustment
automatically.
Backing up a bit, why does it skate?  (Why do I ask?  Because understanding
this makes it easier to figure out what to do about it.)  It skates
because the end of your tonearm is bent:
	   *
            \
             \
              +-------------------------------------------o---|

* = cartridge, o = pivot
The record obviously "tugs" on the stylus ever-so-slightly as it moves
underneath.  If the tangent to the groove at the stylus went toward the
pivot, the force would be directly out from the pivot and no anti-skate
correction would be needed.  (In fact, this is the case with so-called
"linear-tracking" turntables - and they don't need anti-skate force.)

Since in the case above the tangent goes wide of the pivot (below in the
drawing), there's a component of the force that acts to turn the tonearm
toward the center of the record.  [Why, you may ask, is the damn tonearm
bent, anyway?  To allow a reasonably short tonearm, yet keep the stylus
reasonably aligned in the groove across the record.  And so you ask, why
not just use a longer tonearm?  Because it's heavier, more subject to
resonance problems, it looks stupid, and your wife doesn't want it in the
living room.]  So you add a little force to counteract the inward tendency.

What determines the skating force?  First, tracking force - remember your
physics; frictional force is proportional to how hard you sit on it.
Second, cartridge compliance interacting with the type of material you
play.  (At this point, the problems become intractable, but you've got
something to worry about and spend a lot of money for someone else to
fix.)

Another comment (Jeff Frey) on the same topic:
>...Spring-adjusted anti-skate leads
>to difference force at the inside and outside radii of the disc,
>however, so no setting will really be optimum.

Yes, although you can get rid most of this - you just don't let the spring
stretch very much over its travel and you can easily get the variation
below a few percent.
-- 
...Cerebus for dictator!				Dick Dunn
{hao,ucbvax,allegra}!nbires!rcd				(303) 444-5710 x3086

tynor@uiucuxc.UUCP (04/27/84)

#R:watcgl:-246900:uiucuxc:18500026:000:552
uiucuxc!tynor    Apr 27 12:22:00 1984

    The Telarc Omni-disc has a band of closely modulated sine waves.
Its a fairly easy test for anti-skate (just adjust your anti-skate until
the distortion goes away...)
 
    The rest of the disc has other useful testing tracks including
some 'real music'.  Here, they present a difficult musical passage
recorded at four volume levels, the first being relatively easy to
track, the last, quite difficult.  
 
    Highly recommended.
	
	Steve Tynor    
	      
	     ihnp4!uiucdcs!uiucuxc!tynor 
             University of Illinois Champaign-Urbana

schamberlain@wateng.UUCP (Ray Chau) (04/28/84)

A standard procedure to set up antiskating is as Dave Martindale
mentions would be to play successively higher record signal
modulations until mistracking does not occur. An algorithim
for this might be as follows:

      1) Select a modulation level representative of the records
         you use. (ie. Telarc records are more difficult to track
                       than 22 hists/side K-tel specials

      2) Have the above in some sort of sinusiodal test tone form for
         ease of alignment (distorted sinusoids can be percieved
                             with wads of cotton stuffed in your ear)

      3) if distortion occurs on both channels then increase tracking force
         until one of channels tracks.
      4) if distortion on right channel > left channel decrease skating
         until roughly equal. And vice versa for the converse situation.
         repeat 3)

  The aim is to track both channels equally, while at the same time
  to provide minimum tracking force requirements for minimum wear.



  The underground has it that cartridges sound best at around this state,
tending to go murky with to much stylus force.  The sad truth is
that the 'goden ear' maintain that the above algorithim does not
produce optimum sound. So much for trackability factors.


Ray:SIDev Group