[net.math] Divisibility, etc

ajh@sdcsvax.UUCP (Alan Hu) (09/03/83)

On the subject of using CPU time to measure the effectiveness of a
trick:  It doesn't work.  That's why these are "tricks" and not
"high-speed algorithms".  It might work for some of these algorithms,
but, in general, humans think so differently from computers that
what is fast for a human isn't necessarily fast for a computer.
An example is the Tractenberg (sp) method of arithmetic.  This
gives a whole, new set of algorithms for arithmetic.  Students of
this method can do arithmetic at blinding speeds.  It isn't efficient
for computers, though, because some algorithms involve throwing information
away.  By not forgetting various bits and pieces, a person can concentrate
on getting immediate answers.  A computer would have to recalculate.
(A person would have to recalculate, also.  However, compared to a person,
a computer can store things much faster, relatively, than it can recompute
things.  People can usually recompute simple problems faster than they
can commit things to memory and reaccess them.)
Also, many of these tricks are based on base 10, so a computer would
have to do base conversion to use them.

Along the lines of squaring a number which ends in 5, you can
do something similar for a two digit number which starts with 5.
You take the second digit and add 25.  That gives you the first
two digits.  Now square the second digit.  That gives you the
other two digits.

Example:  57 ** 2 = (25+7=32) (7*7=49) = 3249

The Tractenberg (sp) method would be quite interesting to some of you
people.  It has all sorts of neat ways of multiplying, dividing, etc.,
and checking your answers.  I studied some of these, although I never
mastered them.  It did speed up my arithmetic back in the old Junior
High Math Team Days.  I think I've forgotten them all by now.  The
book from which I learned them went out of print.  You might be able
to find books on this method in used book stores, etc.